儿童、青少年的性教育一直是世界关注的焦点，这也影响着特殊教育工作者对特殊儿童性教育的关注。联合国教科文组织发布的《国际性教育技术指导纲要》为世界儿童青少年性教育工作的开展提供了相关证据、内容和指导，并提出“全面性教育（Comprehensive Sexuality Education，CSE）”，给教育者开展性教育工作带来了循证的启示。视障儿童首先是儿童，也拥有接受性教育的权利，而已有研究中对视障儿童性教育的关注较其他儿童而言相对匮乏，因而有必要针对视障儿童设计基于全面性教育的教学方案，满足视障儿童的性教育需求。
在上述背景下，本研究选取北京市盲人学校小学二年级的6位视障学生（男生4人，女生2人；低视力生3人，盲生3人）为研究对象，依据泰勒的目标模式，通过专家咨询确定教学方案目标，结合二年级视障儿童学习特点，设计包括教学详案及教具、PPT课件等教学资源的《盲校二年级全面性教育教学方案》并实施，以期为盲校全面性教育的开展提出建议。
本研究采用单组前后测准实验设计，开展为期8周，9个课时，每个课时45分钟的性教育教学。实施效果的数据采用研究者自编的《盲校二年级学生性相关知识、态度和技能问卷》，通过一对一的施测方式收集，并结合学生学习反馈单、教师半结构化访谈补充质性资料。
经过上述过程，本研究得出以下结论：
（1）盲校二年级全面性教育应优先关注“关系”“价值观、权利、文化与性”“理解社会性别”“暴力与安全保障”“健康与福祉技能”“人体与发育”“性与性行为”7个核心概念下的重点主题（13个）、要点（20个）及目标（67条）。
（2）盲校二年级全面性教育课程设计应充分考虑学生的全面性教育需求和视障儿童学习特点，结合视障儿童的直观性教学原则及参与式教学方式，设计具备趣味性、交互性的游戏/情境导入、讲授、巩固与练习、分享与交流等教学环节，设计与运用包括视、触、听三种感官的教学具、多媒体课件及教学情境，从而激发二年级视障儿童对性教育课堂的探索兴趣，提高学生的课堂参与程度。
（3）《教学方案》的实施有效地促进了二年级视障学生性相关知识、性相关态度及性相关技能水平的发展。

Sexuality education of children and adolescents has always been the focus of the world, which also affects the attention of special educators to the sexuality education of children with special needs. The International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education (ITGSE) issued by UNESCO provides relevant evidence, content and guidance for the development of sexuality education for children and adolescents around the world, and puts forward the Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE), which has brought evidence-based enlightenment to sexuality education for educators. Children with visual impairments are first and foremost children and also have the right to receive sexuality education. However, some studies have paid less attention to sexuality education for them than other children. Therefore, it is necessary to design sexuality education programs based on CSE for children with visual impairments to meet their sexuality education needs.
Under the above background, this study selected 6 students (4 boys and 2 girls; 3 students with low vision and 3 blind students) in Grade 2 of Beijing School for the Blind as the subjects. According to Taylor's goal model, the objectives of the curriculum plan are determined through expert consultation. Combined with the learning characteristics of children with visual impairments in Grade 2, the curriculum design includes teaching plan, teaching aids, multimedia courseware and other teaching resources of the "Comprehensive Sexuality Education Plan for Grade 2 in Schools for the Blind and Visually Impaired" and implemented, in order to put forward suggestions for the development of CSE in schools for the blind and visually impaired.
This study adopts a single group pre-test and post-test experimental design to carry out sexuality education teaching for 8 weeks, 9 class hours and 45 minutes each class hour. The data of the implementation effect were collected by the questionnaire on sexuality knowledge, attitude and skills of students of Grade 2 in Beijing School for the Blind compiled by the one-to-one measurement, combined with students' learning feedback form and teachers' semi-structured interview to supplement qualitative data.
Through the above process, this study draws the following conclusions:
(1) CSE in Grade 2 of schools for the blind and visually impaired should give priority to the 13 key themes, 20 key points and 67 key objectives under the seven core concepts of "Relationships", "Values, Rights, Culture and Sexuality", "Understanding Gender", "Violence and Staving Safe", "Skills for Health and Well-being ", "The Human Body and Development" and "Sexuality and Sexual Behavior".
(2) The curriculum design of CSE for the Grade 2 in schools for the blind and visually impaired should give full consideration to the needs of students for comprehensive sexuality education, and design interesting and interactive teaching parts such as game/situation lead-in, teaching, consolidation and practice, sharing and communication by combining the intuitive teaching principles and participatory teaching methods for visually impaired children. The design and application of teaching tools, multimedia courseware and teaching situations should includes sight, touch and hearing to stimulate the visually impaired children's interest in sex education class exploration and improve their participation in class.
(3) The implementation of the "Comprehensive Sexuality Education Plan for Grade 2 in Schools for the Blind and Visually Impaired" has effectively promoted the development of sexuality knowledge, attitude and skills of students with visual impairments in Grade 2.