初中学业水平考试是面向初中毕业生的一种兼具检验和选拔性质的阶段性考试。随着教育改革的不断推进，国家出台了一系列与考试命题相关的文件，明确要求中考以省级统一命题，取消考试大纲，以课程标准为命题依据，提高命题水平，注重基础并考查能力。2019年新疆中考积极响应改革，全自治区“一张卷”。国内大部分省份都已开始对中考试题进行分析研究及命题分析研究，但对新疆中考物理试题的研究较少，尤其在乌鲁木齐市不再独立命题后。

笔者运用文献研究法收集有关于试题分析的文献研究资料，确定了运用比较研究法对近三年的新疆中考物理试卷按题型、考查内容分类，对试题进行了对比分析，同时构建本研究适用的Achieve一致性研究框架，利用分析统计法统计分析进行编码，研究近三年新疆中考物理试卷与《义务教育物理课程标准（2011年版）》的一致性程度。

研究发现，近三年新疆中考物理试题题型结构稳定，知识重点考查力学和电学，难点在力学综合计算和电学综合分析，更注重能力考查。新疆中考物理试卷具有贴近生活和社会、题目阅读量增大、重视实验探究综合素质能力考查和关注数学知识在物理中的应用四个特点。最后，根据Achieve分析模式发现，近三年新疆中考物理试卷与课程标准的一致性较好，其中内容向心性、挑战的来源与课程标准保持高度一致性，试题的范围和平衡、挑战的层次属于可接受程度，而表现向心性一致性较低。

本研究得出的上述结论旨在为物理教师提供一定的参考，深入了解近年来新疆中考物理试卷的变化，能更好地把握中考命题的方向。同时，通过分析试题与课程标准的一致性，提供一种提高物理教师的命题水平的方式。最后，本研究为初三师生提供了重视基础知识、注重知识形成的过程、关注物理与数学知识的衔接和基于课程标准命制试卷的教学建议，期以提高学生物理学习能力，有效提升学生复习成绩。

The junior high school academic proficiency test is a staged test for junior high school graduates with both testing and selection properties. With the continuous advancement of education reform, the state has issued a series of documents related to test propositions, clearly requiring the high school entrance examination to use provincial unified propositions, cancel the examination syllabus, use curriculum standards as the basis for propositions, improve the level of propositions, focus on basics and test ability. In 2019, the Xinjiang Senior High School Entrance Examination actively responded to the reform, and the whole autonomous region "one paper". Most of the provinces in China have begun to analyze and research the questions of the senior high school entrance examination and proposition analysis, but there is less research on the physics questions of the senior high school entrance examination in Xinjiang, especially after Urumqi City no longer has independent propositions.

The author uses the literature research method to collect the literature research data on the analysis of the test questions, and determines to use the comparative research method to conduct a comparative analysis of the Xinjiang high school entrance examination papers in different years in the past three years. The applicable Achieve consistency research framework, using the statistical analysis method for coding, studies the consistency of the Xinjiang Senior High School Entrance Examination Physics papers and the Curriculum Standards in the past three years. 

The study found that in the past three years, the physical examination have a stable structure, and the knowledge focuses on mechanics and electricity. The difficulty lies in the comprehensive calculation of mechanics and comprehensive analysis of electricity, and more emphasis is placed on ability examination. The physical examination papers of the Xinjiang Senior High School Entrance Examination have four characteristics: close to life and society, increasing the number of reading topics, emphasizing the comprehensive quality ability test of experimental exploration, and paying attention to the application of mathematical knowledge in physics. The consistency of the test papers and the curriculum standards is good, in which the content centrality, the source of challenges and the curriculum standards are highly consistent, the scope and balance of the test questions, and the level of challenges are acceptable, while the consistency of performance centrality is low. 

The above conclusions drawn in this study are intended to provide some reference for physics teachers to gain an in-depth understanding of the changes in the physics test papers of the Xinjiang Senior High School Entrance Examination in recent years, so as to better grasp the direction of the senior high school entrance examination propositions. Provides a way to improve the propositional level of physics teachers. Finally, this research provides the teachers and students of junior three with teaching suggestions that attach importance to basic knowledge, pay attention to the process of knowledge formation, pay attention to the connection between physics and mathematics knowledge, and make test papers based on curriculum standards, in order to improve students' physical learning ability and effectively improve students review grades.