尤里﹒波利亚科夫作为俄罗斯当代著名现实主义作家，始终坚持自己的创作理念，被评论家们称为“当代文学经典作家”，由于写作的风格怪诞，他还被誉为“俄罗斯的拉伯雷”。他的作品很受读者欢迎，取得了毫无疑问的成功和巨大的商业价值。其作品很多成为畅销书，或被改编成戏剧与多集电影，主要反映了苏联解体前后至今的人和事，在浮躁的社会文化大潮中成为一枚独特的消费符号。其作品被译成多种语言，因意蕴丰富被誉为“后苏联俄罗斯真正的艺术百科全书”。本论文是对作家尤里﹒波利亚科夫小说较为系统的研究,主要以其小说中大国悲剧的艺术书写为考察对象和研究视角。我们通过小说中关于苏联解体前后的事件、人物、主题、语言等方面的分析，反思个人、国家、情感、欲望、信仰、宗教、民族身份认同、价值观和世界观等相互影响和作用的问题。本论文主要分为六个部分。绪论中首先介绍了波利亚科夫作为一个紧跟时代的新型现实主义作家，其作品常运用现代主义、后现代主义等“混成性”艺术手法，游走于大众文学与精英文学之间，具有雅俗共赏、严肃与诙谐于一体的“临界性”特点，形成“波利亚科夫现象”,并总结出波氏创作的“时代性”、“混成性”及“临界性”三个明显特征。第一章选取小说中苏联解体前后颇具争议的公开性、禁酒运动、焚烧党证、排犹运动等关乎国计民生的重大事件来分析大国悲剧的艺术书写，通过紧跟“时代”的叙事和“临界”的风格来反思社会与人、性格心理、民族身份认同等问题；第二章主要分析阿波费吉斯特、艾斯凯帕尔、垃圾人、作家、批评家、电影导演和电台主持人为代表的知识分子形象。这些形象具有丰富的隐喻、象征意义及寓言性。我们通过不同的互文、戏仿之戏仿等“混成”的创作手法、严肃与诙谐于一体的“临界性”来分析小说反映的社会现实，思考苏联解体后的社会状况及其对人的心理与生活的影响，以及知识分子与国家、媒体、政权、意识形态等方面的相互关系与作用；第三章我们着重从哲学、宗教、家庭等层面来分析小说的主题，结合波氏创作的三个特征，展示苏联解体后人们在家庭、信仰、国家与公民等问题上遭遇到的危机，并试图找到人文关怀的解决之道。第四章主要从波氏小说的语言层面来分析其小说中大国悲剧的艺术书写。后现代化的大语境及文学市场的消费化使其语言呈现“混成性”的特点，由于波氏本人对于现实的关注，语言具有鲜明的“时代感”，这又造成了其语言徘徊于雅俗之间的“临界性”风格。他的语言与日常的观察和体悟息息相关。波氏正是借助这些语言来反映社会，使我们透过语言的表象深入思考苏联解体前后的一系列变化。在结语中我们得出结论，论述了波利亚科夫小说具有的鲜活生命力，分析其作品引领下的严肃文学与大众文学融合的趋势，而这些对后苏联的现实具有的一定启示意义。最后指出本文的不足之处及下一步的研究设想。

As a famous Russian contemporary realistic writer, Yuri Polyakov insists on his concept of creation, and is called one of the “modern literature classic writers” by critics. His writing style is weird, which is known as “Russia’s Rabelais”. His works are very popular with readers, and many of them become bestsellers, or are adopted into dramas or films. His works mainly reflect the people and things around the fall of the Soviet Union when the blundering social culture becomes a kind of unique symbolic consumption. His works are translated into many languages, because of their rich connotation known as the “Russia the real art encyclopedia after the Soviet union”.This dissertation is a systematic study to the works by Yuri Polyakov, with the art of writing in the novel of big tragedy as the mainly object of investigation and research perspectives. The analysis of important events around the collapse of the Soviet union, the character in the novel, the theme, and language sheds light on the mutual influence and role on individual, country, feelings, desires, beliefs, religion, ethnic identity, the outlook on life and world view.This dissertation is divided into six parts.In the introduction part, we introduce the Polyakov as a new realist writer. Wandering between popular literature and elite literature, his works often use “mix initiative” art gimmick of modernism and postmodernism, have a fit and serious and humorous literature, and forms “a phenomenon of Polydkov”. Three obvious characteristics of hiss creation are summarized, namyly, “current”, “composite” and “betweenness”. In the first chapter, we analyze the writing of art in the novels through vital significant events around the collapse of the Soviet union: controversial openness, the temperance movement, burning break-up, anti-semitism movement. Following the “current” and “composite” narrative methods and style of “betweenness”, we reflect on people, psychological problems, national psychology and social identity, etc.In the second chapter, we mainly select these intellectual images, such as writers, critics, film director and radio host. The images have rich metaphor, symbolism and fable. Through different parodies of intertextuality, parody “composite” technique, such as serious and humorous in the integration of “betweenness”, we reflect the social reality, such as the influence of social status on people’s psychology and life, and the correlation of intellectuals and the country, the media, power, ideology and so on after the collapse of the Soviet Union.In the third chapter, from the perspective of philosophy, religion, family and so on, we analyze the novels by Polyakov, according to the three characteristics of the creation, with emphasis laid on the crises the family, religion, nation, citizens and so on have encountered after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the humanistic care solution they try to provide.In the fourth chapter, based on the novel’s language, we analyze the tragedy of art of writing. The context of postmodernism and consumerism features the language in the novels a tint of “composite”. Because of the attention Polyakov paid to the reality, the language is “contemporary”, which causes the language to hover between high and low characteristic of the “betweenness”. His language is closely related to daily observation and awareness. The language reflects the social, makes us think deeply about series of changes around the Soviet Union through the formal appearance of language.In conclusion we come to the conclusions. This paper discusses the novels of Polyakov with fresh vitality. His works have led to the amalgamation of the serious literature and popular literature, and have asserted the certain enlightenment significance to the reality after the Soviet Union. The dissertation points out the deficiency of this research and the next step of research ideas.