野生有蹄类动物既能影响植被的空间分布，又是大型猫科动物的主要猎物，是陆地生态系统中重要的组成部分。许多研究表明，野生动物会因人类干扰而改变自身的行为和活动模式。我国吉林珲春自然保护区内存在放牧和车辆等人类干扰，这些人类干扰会对保护区内的有蹄类动物的时空活动产生怎样的影响值得关注。本研究分析了4头牛的GPS项圈监测数据，评价了牛的活动规律。同时，我们应用红外相机陷阱技术，在2015年5月-10月对珲春自然保护区中的野猪（Sus scrofa）、狍（Capreolus pygargus）、梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）3种有蹄类动物进行了监测，评价了它们的日活动节律，并通过时间生态位重叠分析了人类干扰对有蹄类动物活动节律的影响，还通过构建广义潜变量线性模型评价了影响有蹄类动物生境选择的因素。主要研究结果如下：
（1）野猪的RIA为2.32，本底占域率为0.77；狍的RAI为4.89，本底占域率为0.90；梅花鹿的RAI为2.21，本底占域率为0.43。
（2）4头家牛在夏季和秋季的活动范围分别为：编号2为21.56km²和35.86km²；编号3为147.47km²和61.74km²；编号5为74.37km²和3.17km²；编号17为87.16km²和18.72km²。
（3）野猪、狍、梅花鹿均偏好在夜晚和晨昏活动；人的活动集中在白天，夜晚基本无活动；牛偏好在白天活动，夜晚活动较少。
（4）时间生态位重叠分析显示，人类干扰显著影响了野猪和梅花鹿的日活动节律，但对狍没有影响；在高人类干扰区域，野猪和梅花鹿的白天活动水平下降，夜晚的活动水平上升。人类与有蹄类的时间生态位重叠比牛与有蹄类的时间生态位重叠更少。
（5）广义潜变量线性模型结果显示，野猪偏好海拔高、距中俄边境距离近的区域，狍趋向行人、车辆、放牧少的区域，梅花鹿主要分布在距离边境近、放牧少的区域。
      本研究显示，人类干扰会对珲春自然保护区内有蹄类的时空活动造成影响，保护区内有蹄类的活动节律和生境选择已因人类干扰而发生改变。

Ungulates can not only affect the spatial distribution of vegetation, but also constitute an important part of terrestrial ecosystem for being a major prey of large cats. A number of studies have shown that wild animals can adjust their behaviors and activity pattern in line with human disturbance. There are such human disturbances as grazing and traffic in Hunchun Nature Reserve in Northeast China’s Jilin Province, and it is worth our attention in terms of how these human disturbances affect the spatiotemporal activities of ungulates in this site.
       This thesis analyzes the data from the Global Position System (GPS) collars on four cattle, and further studies the activity pattern of these creatures. Besides, we used infrared camera trap technology to monitor wild boar (Sus scrofa), roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Hunchun Nature Reserve from May to October, 2015, and analyzed their activity pattern. Meanwhile, we also analyzed the impact of human disturbance on the activity pattern of ungulates through temporal niche overlap, as well as the factors that influences ungulates’ selection of habitats by constructing generalized linear latent variable models. The results of this studies are as follows:
(1) Wild boar's RAI is 2.32, and the occupancy of it is 0.77. Roe deer's RAI is 4.87, and the occupancy of it is 0.90. Sika deer's RAI is 2.21, and the occupancy of it is 0.43.
(2) The movement ranges of the five cattle in summer and autumn are as follows: No. 2 was 21.56 km² and 35.86 km², No. 3 is 147.47 km² and 61.74 km², No. 5 is 74.37 km² and 3.17 km², and No. 17 is 87.16 km² and 18.72 km². 
(3) Wild boar, roe deer and sika deer all prefer to be active at night, dawn and dusk. Human beings are mostly active during the day, and there are nearly no human activities at night. Oxen tend to be active during the day and less active at night.
(4) The temporal niche overlap analysis shows that human disturbance has a significant impact on the daily activity pattern of wild boar and sika deer, but has little impact on that of roe deer. In areas with frequent human disturbance, the activity levels of wild boar and sika deer decrease during the day and increase at night. There was less temporal niche overlap between human beings and ungulates than between oxen and ungulates.
(5) The results of the generalized linear latent variable model show that wild boar prefers to live in high-altitude areas and border between China and Russia, roe deer like to settle in areas with less human beings, vehicles and grazing, and sika deer mainly inhabits in areas close to the border and with less grazing.
      This study concludes that human disturbance can affect the spatial and temporal activities of ungulates in Hunchun Nature Reserve, and that the activity pattern and habitat selection of ungulates in this site have been changed by human disturbance.