中文题名: | 轻罪时代下犯罪附随性制裁制度的反思与重构 |
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保密级别: | 公开 |
论文语种: | chi |
学科代码: | 035102 |
学科专业: | |
学生类型: | 硕士 |
学位: | 法律硕士 |
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学位年度: | 2024 |
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学院: | |
研究方向: | 不区分 |
第一导师姓名: | |
第一导师单位: | |
提交日期: | 2024-06-27 |
答辩日期: | 2024-05-22 |
外文题名: | The reflection and reconstruction of the criminal sanction system in the era of misdemeanor |
中文关键词: | |
外文关键词: | Collectual sanctions ; Crime with consequences ; Misdemeanor governance. |
中文摘要: |
轻罪时代呼唤轻罪治理。犯罪附随性制裁制度作为刑事治理体系的组成部分之一,以一种隐性方式存在于刑法及其他法律规范之中。囿于对重刑主义的依赖,刑罚之后再以刑罚之名进行各种权利的限制似乎顺理成章。恰恰因为犯罪附随性制裁制度的隐蔽性与看似合理性,也就导致该项制度泛化于各项法律之中,甚至逾越法律保留,存在于各种层次的规范性文件之中。轻罪时代的到来标志着刑法以更加积极的态度融入社会治理,从轻微的醉驾入刑到高空抛物定罪,再到抢夺方向盘的社会行为刑法化,刑法圈不断扩大的同时,作为刑罚之外的制裁手段,犯罪附随性制裁制度如果不加以研究、规范,很可能造成刑法边界的迁移,也必然会造成个人权利保障范畴的限缩。据此,本文从四个方面对犯罪附随性制裁制度展开探究。 第一部分基于轻罪积极立法的时代背景,提出轻罪与微罪分层的必要性,明确二者适用于犯罪附随性制裁制度的界限范围:轻罪采取宣告刑三年以下有期徒刑的标准,微罪采取以法定最高刑一年以下有期徒刑的标准为主,将宣告刑期一年以下的犯罪在犯罪附随性制裁制度领域按微罪处理。同时对犯罪附随性制裁制度进行定性,得出该制度带有保安处分的性质。 第二部分对现有犯罪附随性制裁制度进行检视,分析总结现有制度在制定权、制裁对象、制裁期限与制裁适用条件上的特点与规律,发现制度所存在的制定权问题、与前科制度衔接不畅、制度适用出现牵连性三大问题。 第三部分探究现有制度出现问题的根本原因——重刑主义的束缚造成的对法律保留原则的逾越,忽视犯罪分层导致的对“轻轻重重”刑法观的背离以及因对责任主义遵守不严而出现的对罪责自负与罪责刑相适应原则的违背。 第四部分对犯罪附随性制裁制度的完善措施重点展开论述。立法方面进行系统内构建,在轻微罪二元分流视域下强化前科制度的配套修订,司法方面则需强化对人身危险性的考察,明确刑法优先适用原则以及贯彻恢复性司法理念。 |
外文摘要: |
The era of misdemeanors calls for misdemeanor governance. As one of the components of the criminal governance system, the criminal criminal sanction system exists in the criminal law and other legal norms in an implicit way. Due to the dependence on heavy punishment doctrine, it seems logical to restrict various rights in the name of punishment. It is precisely because of the concealment and seemingly rationality of the criminal accompanying sanction system, the system is generalized in various laws, even beyond the legal reservation, and exists in all kinds of normative documents at all levels. The arrival of the era of misdemeanor marks the criminal law with a more positive attitude into social governance, from slight drunk driving punishment to high parabolic conviction, to seize the steering wheel of criminal social behavior, criminal law expanding at the same time, as a sanctions of punishment, criminal incidental sanctions system if not studied, specification, is likely to cause the migration of criminal law boundary, also will lead to the limitation of individual rights protection category. Accordingly, this paper explores the system of criminal incidental sanctions from four aspects. The first part based on the background of misdemeanor active legislation, put forward the necessity of misdemeanor and micro crime layered, clear the boundaries applicable to crime accompanying sanctions system: misdemeanor to declare the standard of imprisonment to three years, micro crime to legal maximum standard of imprisonment under one year is given priority to, will declare sentence one year of crime in the field of criminal accompanying sanctions system according to the micro crime. At the same time, the criminal accompanying sanction system is qualitative and concluded that the system has the nature of security punishment. The second part examines the existing criminal accompanying sanction system, analyzes and summarizes the characteristics and laws of the existing system in the formulation power, the object of sanctions, the period of sanctions and the application conditions of sanctions, and finds the three major problems of the formulation power of the system, the poor connection with the criminal record system, and the application of the system. The third part explores the root cause of the problems in the existing system. —— The violation of the violation of the principle of legal retention, the deviation of the "gently heavy" criminal law view caused by the criminal stratification, and the violation of the principle of the criminal responsibility and the punishment corresponding to the crime due to the lax adherence to accountability.The fourth part focuses on the improvement of the criminal sanction system. In the legislative aspect, the system should strengthen the supporting revision of the criminal record system under the perspective of dual diversion of minor crimes. In the judicial aspect, we should strengthen the investigation of personal danger, clarify the principle of priority application of criminal law and implement the concept of restorative justice. |
参考文献总数: | 55 |
作者简介: | 2022级法硕一班李竺霖 |
馆藏号: | 硕035102/24034 |
开放日期: | 2025-06-27 |