我们阅读杨宪益与戴乃迭合译的和英国学者霍克斯所译的两个经典的《红楼梦》英文译本时发现，在一些翻译的处理上，两个版本有着不同的选择和特点。 根据比利时学者勒菲弗尔提出的“重写理论”，翻译活动受到意识形态的影响。意识形态是观念、观点、思想、价值观的综合。在不同的意识形态下，翻译的风格， 准确度等都可能会有所不同。所以，我们就以杨宪益和戴乃迭翻译的《红楼梦》版本与英国学者霍克斯所译《红楼梦》版本作比较，探讨不同的意识形态对翻译活动造成的影响。 本文会先阐明“重写理论”与意识形态的概念，然后结合具体的时代，区分同一时间不同国家，中国与西方意识形态的差别。接着，我们会从不同译本的《红楼梦》的人物性格的塑造，敏感问题的回避，翻译策略的选择这三个角度看意识形态对翻译活动的影响。

As we read Hong Lou Meng’s English version which is translated by Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang, and the translation of the British scholar Hawkes, the two versions have different choices and characteristics in the process of translations. According to Lefevere’s “rewriting theory”, the translator is influenced by ideology in the process of translation. Ideology is a combination of ideas, thoughts, and views of values. In different ideologies, the style of translation may be different. So, we compare the version of Dream of Red Mansions that is translated by Chinese famous scholars Yang Hsien-yi, Gladys Yang, and The Story of the Stone which is translated by Hawkes from British, exploring the impact of different ideologies on translation activities. This paper will firstly clarify the concept of “rewriting theory” and ideology, and then combine the specific social backgrounds to distinguish the difference in ideology between China and Western at the same age. Then we will look at the influence of ideology on translation activities from the perspective of the recreation of characters, the sensitive questions, the choice of translation strategies, and so on.