随着人类对环境改造的加剧，生态问题不断涌现，严重制约着人类社会和经济的可持续发展，甚至威胁国家安全。“生态保护与国家安全”作为高中新增选择性必修教材《资源、环境与国家安全》中的一部分，对学生正确认识生态保护对生态安全，乃至国家安全的意义有重要作用。

本文在充分解读课程标准和分析教材内容的基础上，收集云南省本地相关生态问题及修复案例。围绕水安全、土地安全和生物安全三大主题，在水安全方面：选取了云南省九大高原湖泊退化—滇池水质恶化案例和抚仙湖山水林田湖草沙一体化修复案例；在土地安全方面：选取了水土流失—云南土地石漠化案例和文山州西畴县石漠化治理修复案例；在生物安全方面：选取了生物多样性威胁—紫茎泽兰入侵案例和紫茎泽兰治理案例。自然保护区案例选取了云南省影响力较大的白马雪山自然保护区和建立历史最为悠久、生态价值较高的西双版纳国家自然保护区为例，梳理了其生态保护的手段，以及如何维护生态安全的过程，展示了自然保护区建立对生态安全的意义。文章同时根据案例特点和教学实际，给出了教学建议。

With the intensification of human modification of the environment, ecological problems are emerging, which seriously affect and restrict the sustainable development of human society and economy, and even threaten national security. Ecological conservation and national security", as part of the new optional high school textbook "Resources, Environment and National Security", is important for students to understand the significance of ecological conservation to ecological security and even national security. In this paper, based on the full interpretation of the curriculum standards and analysis of the textbook content, the editor collects relevant local ecological problems and restoration cases in Yunnan Province. In terms of water security: the case of degradation of nine highland lakes in Yunnan Province - the deterioration of Dianchi water quality and the case of Fuxian Lake - the integration of mountain, water, forest, lake, grass and sand restoration; in terms of land security: the case of soil erosion - the stone desertification of Yunnan land and the case of stone desertification management and restoration in Xichu County, Wenshan Prefecture; in terms of biosecurity: the case of biological In terms of biosecurity, the cases of biodiversity threat - the case of pamakani invasion and the case of pamakani control were selected. The cases of nature reserves are selected from the Baima Mountains Nature Reserve and the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, which has the longest history and high ecological value, to explain the means of ecological protection and the process of maintaining environment security, and to show the significance of the establishment of nature reserves for environment security. The article also gives teaching suggestions according to the case characteristics and teaching practice.