在国际中文教育领域，文化教学和语言教学的关系密切。笔者自2021年春季学期开始，于美国塔夫茨大学先后担任过4个学期线上“文化沙龙”授课教师。在教学实践中，笔者发现“文化沙龙”存在教学缺乏针对性、汉语教师跨文化意识不足、师生交互尚需提高、学生体验感有限的问题。基于此，本研究将在前人研究成果的基础上，尝试对“文化沙龙”进行优化设计，从而改善现有不足，更好地完成“文化沙龙”教学任务。
本研究包括以下七部分：第1章是绪论部分，介绍了选题缘起，阐述了研究意义、方法、目标、理论基础和创新点。第2章为研究综述，对国际中文教育领域文化教学、教学设计、美国孔子学院汉语教学、线上汉语教学优化设计的相关研究进行了综述。第3章为教学设计前端分析，介绍了美国塔夫茨大学总体概况、汉语教学情况、“文化沙龙”相关概况及其教学现状。第4章具体阐述了“文化沙龙”优化设计的教学原则、目标、内容、策略和评估方式。第5章详细展示了两个教学案例。第6章是实施效果评估，通过学生课堂表现、教学测试、学生反馈以及同行评价，结合教师反思，考察教学实施效果。第7章是基于教学实施效果，对塔夫茨大学以及汉语教师志愿者的相关建议。
本研究发现：第一，教学程序方面，搭建课前—课上—课后师生交流平台，有助于提高教学设计的针对性。第二，教学方法方面，文化对比法是培养学生跨文化意识的有效方法。第三，互动行为方面，拓展互动渠道，提高互动效率，可以将文化知识与语言教学结合起来，锻炼学生的语言技能。第四，丰富的教学辅助手段不仅能够促进学生语言习得，还丰富了学生线上学习的体验感。
 

In the field of international Chinese language education, there is a close relationship between cultural teaching and language teaching. Since the spring semester of 2021, the author has served as an online "cultural salon" instructor for four semesters at Tufts University in the United States. In teaching practice, the author found that the "cultural salon" has problems such as a lack of targeted teaching, insufficient cross-cultural awareness among Chinese language teachers, the need for improved teacher-student interaction, and limited student experience. Based on this, this study will attempt to optimize the design of the "Cultural Salon" on the basis of previous research results, in order to improve the existing shortcomings and better complete the teaching task of the "Cultural Salon".
The study includes seven parts: Chapter 1 is exordium section, including the reasons for choosing the topic, elaborates on the research significance, methods, objectives, theoretical basis, and innovative points. Chapter 2 is a research review that provides a comprehensive overview of cultural teaching, instructional design, Chinese language teaching at Confucius Institutes in the United States, and optimization design of online Chinese language teaching in the field of international Chinese language education. Chapter 3 is a background analysis of teaching design, which introduces the overall overview of Tufts University in the United States, the situation of Chinese language teaching, the relevant overview of the "cultural salon" and its  
teaching status. Chapter 4 specifically elaborates on the teaching principles, objectives, content, strategies, and evaluation methods for optimizing the design of the "Cultural Salon". Chapter 5 presents two teaching cases in detail. Chapter 6 is the evaluation of implementation effectiveness, which examines the effectiveness of teaching implementation through student classroom performance, teaching tests, student feedback, and peer evaluation, combined with teacher reflection. Chapter 7 provides relevant suggestions for Tufts University and Chinese language teacher volunteers based on the effectiveness of teaching implementation.
This study found that, firstly, in terms of teaching procedures, building a pre class, in class, and post class teacher-student communication platform can help improve the pertinence of teaching design. Secondly, in terms of teaching methods, cultural comparison is a helpful mean to develop students' cross-cultural awareness. Thirdly, in terms of interactive behavior, expanding interaction channels and improving interaction efficiency can combine cultural knowledge with language teaching to exercise students' language skills. Fourthly, rich teaching aids can not only promote students' language acquisition, but also enrich their online learning experience.