20世纪80年代以来，合作原则与礼貌原则作为语用学的重要理论，因其分析会话含义的优势一直活跃在语言学领域。 合作原则，作为会话者为了有效配合彼此完成交际任务共同遵循的原则被美国语言学家Grice在1975年提出，一直以来受到了学术界的广泛关注。后来，为了合理解释会话者频繁违反合作原则的原因，英国语言家Leech于1987年提出了礼貌原则。自此，语言学界许多学者基于这两项原则，分析了许多语篇，包括信函、文学语篇等，也有学者通过分析会话含义推测会话者的地位、生活经历、教育背景等。然而，少有学者通过基于这两项原则分析会话含义来探讨如何在日常交际中充分利用合作原则与礼貌原则提高会话效率以及交际能力。 另一方面，自20世纪起，情景喜剧在美国获得了较高的收视率，特别是近年来播出的《小谢尔顿》。同时，许多关于情景喜剧的研究也出现在了学术界，但大多都集中于分析其幽默的产生途径，通过转录语篇分析会话含义的研究较少。 本研究将从情景喜剧《小谢尔顿》中转录与Sheldon相关的违反合作原则或者礼貌原则的语篇作为数据基础，抓住Sheldon人际交往的弱点，从合作原则和礼貌原则的视角分析Sheldon与他人交流失败的原因，从而得出有利于日常交际的建议。

Since the 1980s, as two important theories in pragmatics, Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle have been drawing linguistics" attention because of their strengths in analyzing conversational implicature. Cooperative Principle, as an important principle that the participants should observe in conversations to make conversational contribution such as is required, was put forwarded by an American philosopher Grice in 1975, and got widespread concerned in linguistic field. Several years later, in order to explain why the participants violate Cooperative Principle frequently, Politeness Principle was set up by an English linguist Leech. Since then, there have been many linguists analyzing discourses based on these two principles like letters and literary works, and there have been also some linguists speculating the participants" class, life experience, and education background, etc. based on them. However, there have been few researchers discussing how to improve communicative efficiency and interpersonal skills by analyzing conversational implicature from perspectives of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle. On the other hand, since the 20th century, sitcoms attracted many audiences in America, especially Young Sheldon which has been broadcast these years. Meanwhile, there has been some research about sitcoms occurring in linguistics field, but most of that focus on how the humor generates, while little of that focuses on analyzing the conversational implicature. This thesis will transcribe conversations between Sheldon and others which violate Cooperative Principle or Politeness Principle as discourses to analyze, and discuss the reasons why Sheldon fails to communicate, to conclude some suggestions valuable for communication in daily life.