外国恐怖主义战斗人员是恐怖势力中不可忽视的组成部分，据不完全统计，目前约有来自100多个国家和地区的3万多名外国恐怖主义战斗人员在世界范围内从事恐怖活动。早期外国恐怖主义战斗人员多以出境参与武装冲突为主，近年来回流外国恐怖主义战斗人员日渐增多，国际组织和区域组织为此达成了多项协议，各国也纷纷通过立法对其跨境流动现象予以防治。 本文共分成三个部分：第一部分论述了国外外国恐怖主义战斗人员跨境流动的发展与立法现状。外国恐怖主义战斗人员一词来源于外国战斗人员，最早在1936年西班牙内战中引起国际社会的关注，因1979年苏联阿富汗战争的爆发开始与恐怖主义产生关联并发展壮大，近年来在恐怖主义全球化的推动下，外国恐怖主义战斗人员回流现象加剧。导致外国恐怖主义战斗人员出境参战的背景主要有宗教信仰、与冲突地区的亲缘关系、对冲突地区民众的同情、为尝试冒险或出风头、恐怖组织的煽动以及便利的交通条件，恐怖组织的命令、对本国文化的不满以及原本的回国计划则造成其回流。在国外立法方面，联合国安理会对外国恐怖主义战斗人员作出了明确定义，并通过一系列决议从立法、信息情报处理、旅行禁令执行、国际合作等方面提出了针对性措施。各国也通过对外国恐怖主义战斗人员提起刑事诉讼，颁布禁止出入境，取消护照、旅行证件，剥夺国籍等行政命令予以防治。 第二部分论述了中国籍恐怖主义战斗人员跨境流动的发展与立法现状。我国的恐怖组织主要为受三股势力影响的东突恐怖势力，它同境外恐怖组织相勾结，在我国境内大肆宣传伊吉拉特思想，煽动我国境内的恐怖分子出境参与圣战。受煽动的中国籍恐怖主义战斗人员经由新疆、云南、广西、广东、海南、内蒙、东北等边境地区偷渡出境，出境人数呈逐年上升趋势。除第一章所论述的出境、回流背景外，中国籍恐怖主义战斗人员多受到伊吉拉特思想的蛊惑而出境，当然也与我国境内的穆斯林多为逊尼派穆斯林有关，当今国际恐怖组织多由逊尼派穆斯林组成。在立法方面，我国通过《刑法修正案（九）》增设了相关恐怖活动犯罪，在《反恐怖主义法》中规定了边境管制、旅行证件管制、情报信息共享等措施，并要求进一步加强国际合作。但目前我国还存在恐怖主义概念体系不完整，对被施以旅行管制措施的恐怖活动人员及恐怖活动嫌疑人员缺乏完善的救济程序，行政制裁措施单一、缺乏配套社区建设等问题。 第三部分就防治外国恐怖主义战斗人员跨境流动的立法完善进行了论述。建议坚持保障外国恐怖主义战斗人员基本人权、尊重个人宗教信仰和正常宗教活动的原则，在我国建立旅客信息预报记录制度和社区反恐制度，同他国建立出入境人员信息共享制度和情报共享制度，并对中国籍恐怖主义战斗人员和恐怖主义嫌疑人员的概念进行了明确。在立法方面，建议完善我国的刑法立法，将恐怖活动实行行为单独设罪，在使用虚假身份证件、盗用身份证件罪中增加涉及恐怖活动的情形，并配以较一般的使用虚假身份证件、盗用身份证件罪更高的法定刑，同时还应协调《反恐怖主义法》、《国籍法》等部门立法。在程序方面，建议完善《刑事诉讼法》中的相关程序规定，同时充分保障被施以旅行管制措施的恐怖活动人员和恐怖活动嫌疑人员的救济途径。

Foreign terrorist fighters are a part of the terrorist forces that cannot be neglect. According to incomplete statistics, there are currently about 30 thousand foreign terrorist fighters from more than 100 countries and regions engaged in terrorist activities worldwide. During the early stage, foreign terrorist fighters mainly toke part in outboard armed conflicts. In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of foreign terrorist fighters returning to the countries they came from. International and regional organizations have reached a large number of agreements to resolve this phenomenon, and many countries have also passed legislation to prevent and control cross-border flows. This article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the development and legislative status of foreign terrorist fighters’ cross-border movement in foreign countries. The term foreign terrorist fighters originated from foreign fighters and attracted the international attention as early as 1936 Spanish Civil War. Due to the outbreak of the Soviet-Afghanistan war in 1979, foreign terrorist fighters began to grow and associate with terrorism. In recent years, the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters returning has been intensified with the promotion of terrorism globalization. The reasons of foreign terrorist fighters’ engagement in the outboard wars are religious beliefs, kinship with conflict areas, sympathy for people in conflict areas, attempts to take risks or show off, incitement of terrorist organizations, and convenient traffic conditions. And orders of terrorist organizations, dissatisfaction with the country’s culture, the original plans to come back caused its backflow. In terms of foreign legislation, the UN Security Council has made a clear definition of foreign terrorist fighters and adopted a series of resolutions to propose a series of targeted measures in terms of legislation, intelligence and information processing, travel ban enforcement, and international cooperation. All the countries also have try to prevent and control foreign terrorism fighters’ movement by prosecuting criminal proceedings against them, issuing administrative orders such as the prohibition of entry and exit, the cancellation of passports and travel documents, deprivation of nationality. The second part discusses the development and legislative status of Chinese foreign terrorist fighters’ cross-border movement. The terrorist organization in our country is mainly the East Turkistan terrorist force which affected by “The Three Forces”. They collude with overseas terrorist organizations, widely publicize I-Giarat's ideology in our country, and instigates the terrorists inside China to participate in the jihad outboard. More and more incited Chinese foreign terrorist fighters sneaked out through the border areas of Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Northeast China and so on. In addition to the reasons for entry and exit discussed in Chapter 1, Chinese foreign terrorist fighters were mostly incited by I-Giarat’s ideology. Of course, this is also related to the fact that Chinese Muslims are mostly Sunni Muslims. Today's international terrorist organizations are mostly organized by Sunni Muslims. In terms of legislation, China has established terrorist crimes through the “Criminal Law Amendment (IX)” and stipulated measures such as border control, travel document control, and intelligence and information sharing in the “Counter-Terrorism Law”, and called for strengthening the international cooperation. However, at present, China still has an incomplete concept system of terrorism, and lack complete remedial procedures for terrorists and terrorist suspects who are subjected to travel control measures, and has single administrative sanction measures, and lack supporting community construction. The third part discusses the perfection of legislation to prevent the foreign terrorist fighters’ cross-border movement. The author proposes to uphold the principle of protecting the basic human rights of foreign terrorist fighters, respecting individual religious beliefs and normal religious activities. Set up passenger information’s advanced reporting recording system and community anti-terrorism system in China and set up immigration personnel’s suspects sharing and information sharing system with other countries. The author also clarified the concept of Chinese foreign terrorist fighter and suspected terrorist suspect. In terms of ??legislation, the author proposed to improve China’s criminal law legislation, establishing separate criminal offenses for terrorist activities, and adding the situation of using false and theft identity documents for the sake of terrorist activities to the offense of using false and theft identity documents with a higher legal penalty. At the same time, coordination should also be made among other department laws such as the “Counter-Terrorism Law” and the “Nationality Law”. In terms of procedures, the author proposed to improve the relevant procedural provisions in the "Criminal Procedure Law" and to fully guarantee the remedies for terrorists and terrorist suspects who are subjecting to travel control measures.