随着我国综合国力的不断增强，工业化和城镇化水平也随之不断提高。伴随而来的则是我国企业数量的不断增加，特别是工业企业既担负着制造各类生产生活资料的任务，也提供了大量就业的工作岗位，对社会整体而言有着重要的作用。但是由于各企业安全生产能力参差不齐，随之而来的就是安全生产的问题的增加，也存在着大量隐患与问题。特别是随着近年来互联网的普及，关于安全生产事故的报道逐渐增多，提高了社会对安全生产工作的注意力和对自身安全环境的担忧。 作为承担着基层安全生产监管的主责部门，安监部门是一个存在仅十余年的部门，不仅要努力适用不断变化的企业发展格局，同时在自身建设上也存在很大的问题，面临着执法力量薄弱、专业人才缺乏、监管经费短缺等诸多困难，使得在监管职能的履行与现实需要有着较大的差距，也使得安全监管工作的实际操作与社会公众的理解有一定的脱节。 本文将基层安全生产监管工作的现状作为研究重点，重点聚焦于探讨最基层安全生产监管工作面临的困境，分析位于监管链条最末端的执法问题，并通过质性研究方法，借助半结构式访谈的数据收集方式，深入了解一线安全监管工作中存在的问题。以从事一线安全监管工作人员的角度观察基层监管机制所面临的困境，通过实际工作人员在工作中所遇到的实际情况进行解析，并进行相应的分析总结，从法律规范、人员结构、社会制约机制、监管人员权责分配等角度分析产生困境的原因。 通过本文研究可以发现，改善基层安全生产监管工作机制需要从加强领导重视程度、建立更完善的法规体系、加强执法队伍建设、加强宣传培训、创新监管手段等多个方面着手。一是改善现阶段安全生产只在文件上得到重视的局面，为监管人员的工作提供法律、物质和社会环境上的保证；二是也注重提高自身专业水平，创新管理手段，使监管人员有意愿也有能力发现安全隐患并尽早排除，保证公众安全有序的生活环境；三是在政府顶层设计上对于安全生产监管给予了高度的重视，尽管详细的改革方向暂时没有明确，但是从总体上看对于理清安全监察职能，强化安全生产监管协作机制有着积极的作用。

With the continuous enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength, the level of industrialization and urbanization has also been increasing. Accompanied by the increase in the number of enterprises in China, especially the industrial enterprises not only undertake the task of manufacturing all kinds of production and living materials, but also provide a large number of jobs, which have an important role in the whole society. However, due to the uneven production safety of enterprises, the problem of safety in production is increasing, and there are also a lot of hidden dangers and problems. In particular, with the popularity of the Internet in recent years, reports on safety production accidents have increased gradually, raising the attention of the society on the safety of production work and worrying about the safety of its own environment. As main responsibility of bear the base of production safety supervision department, safety department is a department for more than a decade, only not only try to apply the changing pattern of enterprise development, there is also a big problem on own construction at the same time, facing the law enforcement power is weak, lack of professional talents, regulatory funds shortage, and many other difficulties, making the implementation of the regulatory functions with reality requires a larger gap, also makes the safety supervision of the understanding of the actual operation and the social public have certain disconnect. This article will present situation of safety production supervision at the grass-roots level as the research focus, focus on focus on discuss the plight of production safety supervision at the grassroots level analysis in supervision chain end law enforcement issues, and through qualitative research methods, using semi-structured interview way of data collection, understand a line of security problems existing in the supervision work. To observe the difficulties faced by the basic management system in the view of the personnel engaged in the security supervision of the front line, analyze the actual situation in the actual situation of the actual workers, and conduct corresponding analysis and summarization, from the analysis of the law specifications, personnel structure, social constraints mechanism, and the responsibility of the supervisor for the analysis of the causes of the difficulties. Through this study can be found, improve the production safety supervision work mechanism at grassroots level still need from strengthening leadership emphasis, establishing more perfect laws and regulations system, strengthen the law enforcement team construction, strengthen the propaganda and training, innovation methods, and other aspects. The first is to improve the situation of safety production only in the document, and provide legal, material and social environment guarantee for the work of the supervisor; Second, we should also pay attention to improving our professional level and innovative management means, so that the regulators will have the will and ability to find safety hazards and eliminate them as soon as possible so as to ensure a safe and orderly living environment for the public. Three is in the top design on the government for safety production supervision to a high degree of attention, although the direction of reform in detail had not clear, but overall for sorting out safety supervision function, strengthen safety in production supervision coordination mechanism has a positive effect.