教育是国家未来的基石，高校大学生思想政治教育一直以来都是党和国家的工作重点，对大学生的培养教育与国家未来的发展密切相关。大学思想政治教育对大学生价值观的教育引导作用关系到大学生如何认识生活的各种事物和现象，如何评价自身的价值以及如何做出选择，对大学生的生活方式以及人生目标产生深远的影响。在新的时代背景下大学生的价值观受到多种文化因素的影响呈现新的特征，同时大学生思想政治教育由于信息时代、市场经济和多元文化等因素影响面临着新的挑战。

精准思维是习近平治国理政思想的重要组成部分，是我们开展工作的重要指南。在国内国际“两个大局”时代背景下，学生的价值观趋于多元、影响学生思想认知的因素多样，在“大思政”格局下推进高校思政工作质量提升离不开精准思政，在复杂多变的社会环境中应用精准思政引导学生“正确认识世界和中国发展大势、正确认识中国特色和国际比较、正确认识时代责任和历史使命、正确认识远大抱负和脚踏实地”具有重要意义。国防特色专业大学生是未来实现国家国防强国和长治久安的主力军，加强对其的思政教育是为党为国培育特色人才的必由之路，本课题以价值观转化机制为视角切入，探索做好国防特色专业大学生的精准思政研究，有助于高校更好地完成立德树人根本任务，培养更多社会主义的合格建设者和可靠接班人，具有突出的战略和现实意义。

本研究在价值观等理论问题研究的基础上，对我国大学生思想政治教育发展历程进行梳理，分析新时代推进精准思政的现状和挑战，以国防特色专业大学生价值观的内化特征为基点，揭示国防特色专业大学生精准思政的内部机理，为提高国防特色专业大学生精准思政效果提供对策建议。首先，通过精准识别，尊重和把握国防特色专业大学生的成长和教育规律；精准分析，发挥多形式、多场域、多层面的合力效应；精准追踪，实现教育效果综合评估和即时优化控制，综合应用特定环境下的博弈模型、马尔科夫链模型等，探索精准思政策略下的国防特色专业大学生价值观转化机制。然后，构建国防特色专业大学生精准思政教育驱动力和教育效果的影响因素指标体系，测度其驱动力和教育效果效用值，根据反馈控制的基本原理，建立国防特色专业大学生精准思政教育驱动力和效果反馈控制模型，分析该精准思政教育系统的平衡状态和稳定条件。最后，设计“大思政”背景下国防特色专业大学生精准思政策略，搭建目标明确、内容完善、标准健全、运行科学、保障有力、成效显著的国防特色专业大学生精准思政体系，为在“大思政”体系下推进国防特色专业大学生精准思政体制机制完善，完成立德树人根本任务提供行之有效的解决方案。

本研究的创新点：一是基于精准识别、精准分析、精准追踪等方式揭示国防特色专业大学生价值观转化机制。二是基于教育系统反馈控制原理，构建国防特色专业大学生精准思政策略下的价值观转化反馈控制模型。并通过对价值观转化反馈控制模型的平衡状态分析和稳定性分析，掌握国防特色专业大学生精准思政策略下价值观转化系统达到平衡状态和逐步稳定的条件。三是基于对策鱼骨图模型，探索“大思政”背景下的精准思政策略，进一步丰富与创新了高校思想政治工作的理论研究与实践探索。

Education is the cornerstone of a nation’s future, and ideological and political education of college students (IPECS) has always been a priority for the Party and the country, and the education of college students is closely related to the future development of the country. The role of IPECS in guiding the values of college students is related to how they perceive various things and phenomena in their lives, how they evaluate their values, and how they make choices, and has a profound impact on their lifestyles and life goals. In the new era, college students’ values are influenced by a variety of cultural factors that present new characteristics, while IPECS is influenced by the information age, market economy, and multiculturalism, and faces new challenges.

Targeted thinking is an important part of Xi Jinping’s thought on governance, and it is an important guide for our work. Based on “both our internal and international imperatives”, students’ values tend to be diversified and there are various factors affecting students’ ideological perception. According to “ideological and political education (IPE) in a broad sense”, targeted IPE is indispensable to promote the quality improvement of college and university thinking and administration work, and it is important to apply targeted IPE in the complex and changing social environment to guide students to “correctly understand the development trend of the world and China, correctly understand the characteristics of China and international comparison, correctly understand the responsibility and historical mission of our time, correctly understand the long-term objectives and down-to-earth realism”.  College students who major in national defense are the main force to achieve national defense and long-term security in the future.  Strengthening the IPE of them is the way to cultivate special talents for the Party and the country. This paper explores the effective method to study targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense from the perspective of values transformation mechanism, which helps colleges and universities to better foster virtue through education and cultivate a new generation of capable young people, which has outstanding strategic and practical significance.

Based on the study of theoretical issues such as values, this paper composes the mileage of IPECS development in China and analyzes the current situation and challenges of promoting targeted IPE in the new era. According to the internalized characteristics of the values of college students majoring in national defense, the internal mechanism of targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense is revealed, and countermeasures are provided for improving the effectiveness. First, through targeted identification, we follow and grasp the laws of growth and education of college students majoring in national defense; through targeted analysis, we bring into play the combined force of multiple forms, fields, and levels; through targeted tracking, we achieve comprehensive assessment and immediate optimal control of educational effects.  The game model and Markov chains model in specific environments are applied to explore the mechanism of targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense values transformation. Secondly, the index system of factors influencing the driving force and educational effect of targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense education is constructed to measure its driving force and educational effect utility values. According to the basic principle of feedback control, the feedback control model of targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense is established, and the equilibrium state and stability conditions of the targeted IPE education system are analyzed. Finally, according to “IPE in a broad sense”, the strategy of targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense was designed to build the IPE system with clear objectives, perfect content, sound standards, scientific operation, strong protection, and significant results. This helps to promote the improvement of targeted IPE mechanisms in the “IPE in a broad sense” system and provides an effective solution for fostering virtue through education. 

The innovations of this study are as follows: First, it reveals the value transformation mechanism of college students majoring in national defense based on targeted identification, targeted analysis, and targeted tracking. Second, based on the principle of feedback control of the educational system, a feedback control model of values transformation under targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense strategy is constructed. Through the equilibrium state analysis and stability analysis of the feedback control model of values transformation, the conditions for the values transformation system to reach the equilibrium state and gradually stabilize under the targeted IPE of college students majoring in national defense strategy are grasped. Third, based on the fishbone diagram model of countermeasures, the targeted IPE strategy in the context of “IPE in a broad sense” is explored, which further enriches and innovates the theoretical research and practical exploration of IPECS.