生物多样性是生态学中最基础但又必不可少的研究内容，鸟类物种多样性作为一个地区环境变化的标志，常作为生态系统健康状况的评估标准。京冀太行山优先保护区域自然环境优越，是华北地区重要的生态系统和物种基因的天然贮藏库，但区域内长期存在频繁的人为干扰。目前对该区域的鸟类物种多样性研究了解并不多，2019年8月至2020年9月之间，本研究以京冀太行山优先保护区域分布的鸟类物种为研究对象，调查鸟类物种在该区域内的多样性与分布格局，同时探讨了鸟类物种在不同生境、海拔下的多样性及季节性变化规律，最后分析了不同人为干扰条件下鸟类物种多样性的变化情况，主要研究结果如下：

（1）结合历史数据与野外实地调查，本研究共记录到鸟类物种20目66科341种鸟类，涵盖了鸟类的六大生态类群。从区系特征来看，研究区域内鸟类区系具有明显的古北界特征；从鸟类居留型上来看，区域内的鸟类主要为夏候鸟（33.33%）和留鸟（36.88%）；从鸟类的保护等级上看，区域内共有16种国家一级保护鸟类，47种国家二级保护鸟类，110种省级重点保护鸟类，134种属中日共同保护候鸟与栖息地协定的鸟类和32种属中澳共同保护候鸟与栖息环境协定的鸟类。

（2）区域内各种生境的多样性指数在2.7-4.0之间，天然林的多样性指数最高（3.856）、优势度最好（0.967）、物种遇见率最高（10.438），人工林生境内的G-F指数最高（0.353），农田生境与河流生境的鸟类群落最相似（0.756），村庄的个体遇见率最高（88.458只/km）.各海拔区间的多样性指数在3.0-3.7之间，600-800m海拔区间的Shannon-Wiener指数最高（3.635），海拔1800m以上海拔范围的均匀度最好（0.954），G-F多样性指数最高的是1000-1200m海拔范围（0.159）。

（3）区域内鸟类物种的干扰因素主要包括矿产资源开发、道路建设等。不同干扰等级下，鸟类物种的多样性呈现出明显的变化，其中鸟类物种的丰富度在弱人为干扰的生境下最高（1.871）、无人为干扰的生境下次之（1.623），而强人为干扰的生境下最低（0.383）

（4）本研究发现3种研究区域内的鸟类新纪录：分别是草原雕（Aquila nipalensis）、红尾歌鸲（Larvivora sibilans）和松雀鹰（Accipiter virgatus）。

Biodiversity is the most basic but indispensable research content in ecology. Bird species diversity is a sign of environmental changes in a region and is often used as an evaluation standard for the health of the ecosystem. The Beijing-Hebei Taihang Mountain priority protection area has an excellent natural environment and is an important ecosystems and also a natural repository of species genes in North China, However, there have been frequent human disturbances in the area for a long time. At present, there is not much knowledge about bird diversity in this area, from August 2019 to September 2020, we focused on bird species in the Beijing-Hebei Taihang Mountain priority protection area, and investigated the diversity and distribution pattern of bird species in the area, and also discussed bird species diversity and seasonal changes of species in different habitats and altitudes. Finally, the changes in bird species diversity under different human disturbance conditions are analyzed. The main research results are as follows:

(1) Combining historical data and field surveys, this study recorded a total of 341 bird species in 20 orders, 66 families, and six ecological groups of birds were included. From the perspective of flora characteristics, the bird flora in the study area has obvious characteristics of the Paleo-Northern, and there is a certain degree of zoogeographic penetration of North China; from the perspective of bird residence type, the birds in the area are mainly summer migratory birds (33.33%) and resident birds (36.88%); from the perspective of bird protection levels, there are 16 species of national first-level protected birds, 47 national second-level protected birds, and 110 provincial key protected birds in the area. 134 species of birds belong to the Sino-Japanese Joint Protection of Migratory Birds and Habitat Agreement and 32 species belong to the Sino-Australia Joint Protection of Migratory Birds and Habitat Agreement.

(2) The diversity index of various habitats in the region is between 2.7 and 4.0. Natural forest has the highest diversity index (3.856), best dominance (0.967), highest species encounter rate (10.438), and plantation forests. the GF index is the highest (0.353), the bird communities of farmland and river habitats are the most similar (0.756), and the individual encounter rate of villages is the highest (88.458one/km). The diversity index of each altitude interval is between 3.0-3.7, 600-800m, the diversity of the altitude range is the highest (3.635), the uniformity of the altitude range above 1800m is the best (0.954), and the GF diversity index is the highest in the altitude range of 1000-1200m (0.159).

(3) The disturbing factors of bird species in the area mainly include the development of mineral resources and road construction. Under different disturbance levels, the diversity of bird species showed obvious changes. Among them, the abundance of bird species was highest in the habitats with weak human disturbance (1.871), and the habitats without human disturbance is the second (1.623). The lowest is the habitat with human disturbance (0.383)

(4) This study found three new records of birds in the study area: Steppe(Aquila nipalensis)、Rufous-tailed Robin(Larvivora sibilans) and Besra(Accipiter virgatus)

This study can further improve the basic information of birds in the region, contribute to the study of bird species diversity in North China, and provide data support for the formulation of biodiversity conservation and management policies.