青少年处于认知发展的迅速上升期，个体的很多行为问题会通过内在的心理因素作用而表现出来，影响个体的学习与生活。所以说，经历过创伤性事件的青少年，其外在行为表现的影响因素以及发生机制，越来越成为创伤领域学术研究的重点。而亲社会行为和反社会行为作为两种截然相反的行为表现，都有可能在经历过创伤事件的青少年身上发生。因此，将二者共同纳入研究，探讨其背后共同的影响因素与机制很有必要。 本研究于2017年雅安灾区选取芦山县498名中学生，男生233人（46.8%），女生265人（53.2%）。采用问卷调查的方式，用社会支持问卷、自我同情量表、创伤后成长问卷、亲社会行为量表、反社会行为量表进行调查。验证自我同情、创伤后成长在社会支持与亲社会行为和反社会行为之间发挥的作用。经验证本研究得出如下结果： 第一，社会支持可以显著正向预测亲社会行为，显著负向预测反社会行为。 第二，社会支持可以通过积极自我同情正向预测亲社会行为，社会支持可以通过消极自我同情正向预测反社会行为。 第三，社会支持可以通过PTG正向预测亲社会行为，反向预测反社会行为。 第四，社会支持可以通过积极自我同情与PTG的链式中介正向预测亲社会行为。 本研究从一个全新的视角，对经历过自然灾害的青少年的行为问题进行了探讨。从社会支持、自我同情、PTG对灾区青少年亲社会行为与反社会行为进行探讨。能够更有针对性的对自然性创伤事件受众的行为问题进行讨论，也丰富了创伤心理学的研究内容。同时本研究能帮助心理援助人员更加了解灾区青少年行为问题背后的心理机制，从而采取更加人性化的方式开展心理治疗与干预工作。为灾区青少年的心理干预提供实证依据，及时干预青少年的问题行为，促进其积极行为的发生。

Teenagers in the rapid rise of cognitive development, some of individual behavioral problems can be through the inner psychological factors and expression comes out, so that affect individual learning and life. Prosocial behavior and antisocial behavior, as two opposite behaviors, may occur in individuals who have experienced traumatic events. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the common influencing factors and internal mechanism of prosocial behavior and antisocial behavior. In this study, 499 middle school students, 230 boys （46.1%） and 264 girls （52.9%） were selected from Lu Shan county in Ya 'An disaster area in 2017. Questionnaire survey was conducted by using social support questionnaire, self-compassion scale, post-traumatic growth questionnaire, prosocial behavior scale and anti-social behavior scale. Examine the role of self-compassion, post-traumatic growth （PTG） in social support and prosocial and antisocial behavior. The empirical results of this study are as follows: First, social support can significantly positively predict pro-social behavior and significantly negatively predict anti-social behavior. Second, social support can positively predict pro-social behavior through positive self-compassion, while social support can positively predict anti-social behavior through negative self-compassion. Third, social support can positively predict pro-social behavior and negatively predict anti-social behavior through PTG. Fourth, social support can positively predict pro-social behavior through the chain mediation of positive self-compassion and PTG. From a new perspective, this study studies the behavioral problems of teenagers who have experienced natural disasters, and probes into prosocial behavior and antisocial behavior of teenagers from the perspectives of social support, self-compassion and PTG.It can discuss the behavioral problems of the audiences of natural traumatic events in a more targeted way, which also enriches the research content of trauma psychology. In addition, this study selected social support independent variables, self-compassion, PTG as intermediary variables, to examine its experienced natural disasters of a traumatic event pro-social behavior of teenagers and the influence of antisocial behavior, from the Angle of empirical research, enrich the research in the field of psychological trauma, also for traumatic psychological research provides a new train of thought. At the same time, this study can help psychological aid workers better understand the psychological mechanism behind the behavior problems of adolescents in disaster areas, so as to take a more humane way to carry out psychological treatment and intervention work. To provide empirical evidence for psychological intervention of adolescents in disaster areas, timely intervention in adolescents' problem behavior, and promote their positive behavior.