性别比失衡根源于中国传统的生育文化，在生育文化的影响下，中国人“男孩偏好”的传统观念十分牢固。本文基于生育文化理论，运用深入访谈的方式并辅以参与式观察的研究方法，探究宗族影响女性生育性别偏好和女性生育行为的微观机制，尤其是中国东南宗族的文化影响。研究发现，宗族文化与社会网络营造了生育性别偏好的场域，具体来说，宗族通过家长权威、示范机制与评价反馈机制，在日常实践中进一步强化了“传宗接代”“从夫居”“养儿防老”和“男主外，女主内”性别分工模式下的传统生育文化中的男孩偏好。受宗族文化影响的女性行为主体多以被动遵循的方式践行、传承宗族的男孩偏好。探究年轻一代女性如何受该文化影响有利于我们了解宗族对生育文化的影响及其延续与变迁，并对两性平等和宗族的现代化发展具有重要的意义。

The imbalance of sex ratio is rooted in the traditional Chinese fertility culture. Under the influence of Chinese fertility culture, people's traditional concept of "boy preference" is very firm. Based on the theory of fertility culture, with the method of in-depth interviews and supplemented by research method of participatory observation, this paper is in order to reveal the clan's influence on women's reproductive gender preference of microcosmic mechanism, especially the cultural influence of the southeast clan. This paper finds that clans through their social network create a new filed that strengthens the traditional fertility culture. Specifically, with the forms of parental authority, demonstration mechanism and evaluation feedback mechanism, the clan has strengthened the traditional fertility culture of "carry on the family line", "patrilocal residence", "bring up sons to support parents in their old age", and "Men outside the women inside" in daily life. Growing up in this environment, the female usually choice an active way or a passive way to follow the practice and inheritance of the boy preference of the clan. Exploring how young women are affected by this culture is helpful for us to understand the generational changes of clan`s fertility culture, and is of great significance to gender equality and clan modernization.