对在华成人学生的一对一个别教学是汉语作为第二语言教学的重要组成部分。这种教学形式的特点决定了教师在整个教学过程中都应坚持的理念和原则，即：以学生为中心，以需求为导向。根据这种教学形式的特殊性，将基础汉语教学分为三个阶段：以拼音为辅助的口语教学阶段、识字教学阶段和写字教学阶段。三阶段教学分两个“先后”：一个是“先进行口语教学，后进行识字教学”；一个是“先进行识字教学，后进行写字教学”。口语教学阶段通过互动教学法，使学生快速提高口语交际能力，满足基本在华生活需要。识字教学阶段选取了六百个左右基础汉字，采用多种方法进行趣味化教学，使学生对汉字有一个整体的概念，包括起源、造字法、结构等等，为日后进一步的学习打下坚实基础。写字教学阶段从笔画入手，以基础汉字及衍生出的部首为纲，用专门设计的字帖练习独体字和最常用的部首，同时通过合体字认读进一步巩固所学汉字。具体到学生个体的教学应从分析学习者需求开始，根据分析结果选用教材，选择适当的教学方法，并根据学生不同的认知特点进行个性化教学。一对一个别教学也为教师提出了特殊的要求。教师应该具有对教学的整体把握能力、良好的外语能力及良好的亲和力。

The one-on-one Chinese teaching to western adult is an important component part of teaching Chinese as a second language. The characteristic of this teaching form brings up the principle teachers should hold on during the whole teaching process, which is to take students as centre and their demand as guidance. According to the particularity of this teaching form, the elementary phase can be divided into three stages: spoken learning stage using the pinyin as aid; character reading stage and character writing stage. There’re two orders in these three stages. One is that reading follows spoken and the other is that character writing follows character reading. In the first stage, interactive teaching methods are used to help students improve their spoken ability rapidly so as to meet their basic communicating need in China. In the second stage, students are supposed to learn about six hundred selected basic characters in an interesting way. Through learning how to read them, they can also have an understanding about general knowledge of Chinese character. In the last stage, specially designed copybooks are used to train students how to write basic strokes and radicals.Teaching individual student should start from analyzing learner’s demand. Taking the result of analysis into consideration, teachers choose proper teaching materials. Teaching methods also should be adapted to individuals.Teachers need make special preparations to be qualified for this teaching form. They should have control power on the whole teaching process, good foreign language capacity and excellent affinity.