随着少年刑事司法制度的改革与发展，未成年人前科消灭制度已经被很多国家的立法和司法实践采纳，并逐渐成为一种世界趋势。我国在2012年新修订的《刑事诉讼法》中首次引入了未成年人前科封存制度，即前科消灭制度，这说明我国已经把保障未成年犯罪人重返社会作为未成年人司法工作的重点。该制度的出现解决了司法实践缺少法律依据的问题，也使得未成年人前科消灭的地域限制问题得以解决。在立法对未成年人前科消灭制度作出明确规定之前，我国已经有一些地方开始试点实行未成年人前科消灭制度，并取得了一定的成效，但是由于没有立法规定，没有法律保障，各地制度规定并不一致，各项制度并不健全，在实行过程中不可避免地出现了一些问题。“前科封存制度”的立法明确，使得该制度的实施有了法律保障，但由于立法规定只是一些原则性的规定，制度具体实施的规定不明确、法律之间存在冲突、配套制度不健全等问题显现出来，这些都需要在之后的司法实践中采取相应的措施来加以避免。本文从司法实践中出现的问题入手，通过对国外关于未成年人前科、前科消灭制度的立法规定及国内的立法规定、司法实践的介绍，对未成年人前科消灭制度的概念进行了界定。在此基础上，对国外相关制度规定进行了比较分析，并结合我国的司法实践经验加以分析、总结，理论联系实际，提出具体的未成年人前科消灭制度运行机制的完善方案及实施建议来弥补法律的漏洞，从而使这一制度得以良好地运行，进而保障未成年人的权利，使他们尽快回归社会开始新的生活。本文主要分为三个部分，第一部分为未成年人前科消灭制度的概述，对未成年人前科消灭制度进行了简要分析，包括概念和法律效果；第二部分主要分析了国外的立法制度和我国的立法规定及司法实践，为制度完善做铺垫；第三部分对我国未成年人前科消灭制度的运行机制提出了完善的方案，包括制度本身的完善和相关配套制度的衔接和完善。

With the reform and development of the juvenile criminal justice system ,minors’criminal record abolition system has been adopted by many countries’legislation and judicial practice,and gradually become a trend in the world. Minors criminal record sealed system (the Criminal Record Abolition System )was first introduced in China in the 2012 amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure, and this shows that protecting juvenile delinquent reintegration has become the focus of the juvenile justice work in China.The emergence of the system solve the problem of the lack of legal basis in judicial practice, and makes the geographical restriction in the minor criminal record eradication is solved.Before the legislation clearly stipulates Criminal Record Abolition System, there are some places has start to carry this system, and achieved certain results. However, due to the absence of legislative provisions, there is no legal protection, and the regime of every city is not consistent, various systems are not prefect, so inevitably there are some problems in the implementation of the process.The legislation of criminal record sealed system is so clear that the implementation of the system have legal protection, but because the legislative provisions is principle, the specific implementation of the provisions of the system is not clear, some problems, such as the legal conflict between the laws and unsound supporting system have been appeared.These all need to take the appropriate measures in judicial practice to solve the problems.In this paper, It starts from the judicial practice to define the concept of the minors prior conviction elimination system, and introduce the concept of minors criminal record, prior conviction elimination system in foreign countries, and domestic legislative provisions, judicial practice. On this basis, there is a comparative analysis of foreign relevant systems, combining with our own judicial practice. We put forward specific program in improving the operating mechanism of the minors prior conviction elimination system to make up for the loopholes in the law so that this system run well and thus to guarantee the rights of minors, enable them to return to society as soon as possible to start a new life. This paper is divided into three parts, and the first part is the outline of the minors prior conviction elimination system, a brief analysis of the minors prior conviction elimination system, including the concept and legal effect. The second part analyzes the legislative system in foreign countries and the legislative provisions, judicial practice to pave the way for improving the system. The third part put forward a comprehensive program of the minors prior conviction elimination system, including the perfection of the system itself and the convergence of the supporting systems.