我国的转基因技术十分先进，转基因农作物的种植面大、产量高，也是转基因食品生产、出口大国，因此转基因食品对我的国内和国际贸易有十分重要的影响。有农业报告指出我国人口基数大，对于转基因食品的需求量已经达到了必不可少的地步，例如将全国所有农用土地都用来种植非转基因大豆所产出的年产量，甚至如今全世界的非转基因大豆年产量，都不足以供应中国对大豆的年需求量。在这种情况下，转基因食品在我国市场上的流通量越来越高，由此引发了一系列的问题，其中一项很重要的问题就是转基因食品的标识问题。我国转基因食品标识的市场现状十分混乱，从是否标识，到标识的内容和形式都参差不齐，阴性标识，即“不含转基因”等负面标识，更是毫无规律可循。而我国民众对于转基因食品的认知程度有限、态度相对保守，不规范的食品标识很容易对消费造成选择上的影响甚至认知上的误导。我国一方面没有针对转基因食品以及标识的专门立法，另一方面现有法规中的相关条款规定的过于笼统，缺乏明确的定义、标准、范围、方式等具体规定，对于阴性标识的内容更是完全没有提及，因此给我国转基因食品标识的市场规范监管带来了很大的困难。 本文首先通过分析我国现行的转基因食品标识法律体系，分析我国对待转基因食品标识整体上的原则和态度，并结合我国转基因食品的市场流通量、食品标识的市场现状以及消费者对转基因食品的接受度等，找到现行法律体系的不足之处并明确完善该法律体系的必要性，在这个过程中着重关注阴性标识的相关问题。接下来本文将通过分析WTO和多边环境协定两大国际法律体系内有关转基因食品的内容，来找出国际上对待这一问题的不同观点及其理由，在完善我国法律规制的过程中进行借鉴，并且明确中国作为WTO和多边环境协定的缔约国所应该承担的责任。各个国家和国际组织对于转基因食品标识的态度各不相同，其中态度最为极端也最具代表性的两个国家和国际组织是美国和欧盟，因此本文将对二者转基因食品标识的相关法律规定进行总结和分析，争取找到其不同之处及其原因，以及我国立法过程中可以借鉴之处。最后本文将对以上内容做出总结，针对转基因食品标识，着重关注阴性标识，借鉴国际上和其他国家、国际组织的法律规制，对我国现行法律的不足之处提出具体的完善建议。

The transgenic technology of our country is very advanced, thus China produces and exports lots of genetically modified food (GMF). Meanwhile, agriculture reports point out that because of the huge population base and the limited crop output, GMF is essentially in China. For example, if we use all of the agriculture land in China to plant non-GMO soybean, the output still cannot fulfill the soybean demand of China. Furthermore, the output of non-GMO soybean from the whole world nowadays cannot meet the demand of China either. Under this circumstance, GMF appears more and more often in our market, and causes a series of problems. One of the most important problems is labeling problem. The current status of China’s GMF labeling is very messy, the contents and forms of labels are different each other, and some food products contain GMO labels while the others not. The negative labels, which say “GMO free”, in our country have absolutely no rule to follow. At the same time, most of the consumers in our country have limited knowledge about GMF, and they do not accept GMF very well, which means that Chinese consumers may be confused or misdirected by the inappropriate labels. Our country has no special legislation aim to restrict genetically modified food and its labels currently, and the laws and regulations which mention GMO products in existence are very vague and general, lack of specific definition and standard. In addition, Chinese law has not involve negative GMO labels at all, which brings a lot of difficulty to the market supervision of GMO food labels. This essay will firstly analysis the existing law which involve GMO food labels in China to find out the principle and attitude of GMO food labels in Chinese law, and analyze the current situation of GMF and the attitude of consumers in Chinese market, which aim to find out the shortcomings of our law and the necessity of perfect those articles. Then, this essay will analyze the articles about GMO food labels in World Trade Organization and Multilateral Environmental Agreements, to find out the different opinions from international organizations and their reasons, and try to use those articles as references when we perfect Chinese laws. Meanwhile, we have to make sure that our law accord with the spirits of international agreements. Different countries and international organizations have different attitudes toward GMO food labels, and the most typical ones are from America and European Union, as a result, this essay will take America and EU as examples to analyze the different laws and how can our law learn from them. Lastly, this essay will try giving advice of how to improve Chinese law about GMO food labels, especially negative GMO labels, base on the results of the analysis of other countries, organizations, and international agreements.