改革开放以来，中国社会经历了深刻的转型期，包含了经济迅猛发展、社会结构以及生育模式的快速变革。其中，低生育率成为社会问题，并且低生育率的特征已由原先的政策导向型逐渐转变为内在驱动型。本文经过文献梳理可知，这种低生育率和教育之间存在有着重要的关联，是研究生育率低的一个至关重要的视角和切入点。因此，本文从教育水平的角度来分析中国低生育率的问题，这能让我们更加全面深入理解当前的低生育率现象。

本文采用的研究数据是2018年中国综合社会调查数据（CGSS），选取的研究对象是18-49岁的育龄群体，在劳动供给理论和社会建构理论指导下，将是否多孩生育意愿作为被解释变量，育龄群体的教育水平作为是核心解释变量，运用Stata16.0软件进行实证分析二者的关系。实证分析包括，首先，将本文将采用逻辑回归模型（Logistic Regression）分析育龄群体的教育水平对其多孩生育意愿的影响是否显著，并对回归结果进行解释，接着本文引入性别角色观念检验其是否在育龄群体的教育水平与多孩生育意愿的关系中存在中介效应。

研究结果显示：（1）育龄群体的教育水平越高其多孩生育意愿的概率越低，教育水平和多孩生育意愿是负向显著的关系；（2）性别角色观念在教育水平对多胎生育意愿的影响中起到中介作用，但中介效应较弱。

因此本文建议首先要促进性别平等，其次完善育儿的社会支持系统，最后要社会工作的介入，政策的实施需要专业的社会工作介入才会发挥政策该有的效果。

Since the reform and opening up of China, Chinese society has gone through a period of profound transformation, involving rapid economic development and rapid changes in social structure and fertility patterns. Among them, low fertility has become a social problem, and the characteristics of low fertility have gradually changed from policy-oriented to intrinsically driven. After combing through the literature, this paper shows that there is an important link between such low fertility and education, which is a crucial perspective and entry point for the study of low fertility. Therefore, this paper analyzes the problem of low fertility in China from the perspective of education level, which enables us to understand the current low fertility phenomenon in a more comprehensive and in-depth manner.

The research data used in this paper is the 2018 China General Social Survey data (CGSS), the selected research object is the childbearing age group aged 18-49 years old, under the guidance of the labor supply theory and the social construction theory, whether or not to have many children fertility willingness as the explanatory variables, childbearing age group's education level as is the core explanatory variables, using Stata16.0 software to empirically analyze the relationship between the two Stata16.0 software was used to empirically analyze the relationship between the two. The empirical analysis includes, firstly, analyzing whether the education level of the childbearing age group has a significant effect on the willingness to have more children by using Logistic Regression model and interpreting the regression results, and then introducing the concept of gender roles to test whether there is a mediating effect in the relationship between the education level of the childbearing age group and the willingness to have more children.

The results of the study show that: (1) the higher the education level of the childbearing age group the lower the probability of multiple births, the education level and multiple births is a negative and significant relationship; (2) the gender role concept plays a mediating role in the influence of education level on multiple births, but the mediating effect is weak.

Therefore, this paper suggests that firstly, gender equality should be promoted, secondly, the social support system for child rearing should be improved, and finally, social work should be intervened, and the implementation of the policy requires the intervention of professional social work in order to play the effect that the policy should have.