树莺科鸟类多数羽色暗淡，且栖息在郁闭的生境中，主要靠鸣声进行通讯。该类群是近年来新确立的科，一共包含7个属的共30个种，其系统发育结构复杂，分布范围广，是研究性状演化的好材料。树莺科鸟类30个物种的鸣声并生成语图，测量13个鸣声变量：哨音、颤音、谐波、句子音素数、句子持续时间、最长音素、最长音素间隔、音素速率、音素比例、主峰频率、最高频率、最低频率和频宽。共测量了118只个体的181个句子。重建该类群鸣声特征的祖先状态，确定了11个反应树莺科鸟类鸣唱组织结构变量：哨音、颤音、谐波、句子音素数、句子持续时间、最长音素、最长音素间隔、主峰频率、最高频率、最低频率和频宽。使用Alström等2011年建立的系统发育树，用最大似然分析法做性状标图。结果发现，树莺科鸟类祖先的鸣声不含哨音（62.7%），不含颤音（66.7%），不含谐波（99.8%），句子包含的音素数目少（99.8%），句子的持续时间较短（99.9%），最长的音素较短（99.8%），最长的音素间隔较短（99.8%），鸣唱具有较低的主峰频率（99.6%）、最高频率（99.6%）和最低频率（99.9%），频宽较小（99.8%）。利用回放实验探究该类群内物种间的鸣声识别，以了解该类群鸟类鸣声演化的影响因素。对占有领域的强脚树莺雄鸟回放所罗门树莺、斐济树莺、菲律宾树莺、短翅树莺、异色树莺和休氏树莺鸣声中的一种，记录的目标个体反应强烈程度的六个变量。在回放实验中，强脚树莺对所罗门树莺、斐济树莺、菲律宾树莺、短翅树莺、异色树莺和休氏树莺的声音反应强烈程度没有显著差异。其中Cochran Q检验显示，对于否靠近和是否鸣唱这两个变量，渐进显著性分别为P = 0.869和P = 0.734，没有显著差异。其余四个变量提取主成分，共提取出2个特征值大于1的主成分，Friedman秩和检验显示，第一主成分和第二主成分渐进显著性分别为P = 0.986 和P = 0.943，没有显著差异。可能是由于该类群的物种，其鸣声的分化可能还不完全，即鸣声的演化主要受到系统发育的影响，或者由于诱发反应的差异较小，回放实验无法检出。

The majority of Cettiidae warbler species had dark plumage and lived typically in the dense vegetation. Their communication mainly reliedon acoustic. The family was newly identified in recent years, which contained 7 genus, and over 30 species. The phylogenetic structure of Cettiidae was complexand its distribution ranges were various, which was a good material to study the configuration evolution.This study collected songs of 30 species of Cettiidae warblers via internet records. We selected 13 acoustic variables including whistle, trill, harmonic, number of notes, duration, duration of longest note, duration of longest intervals, note rate, note proportion, peak frequency, maximum frequency, minimum frequency and bandwidth for each song, and totally measured 181 songs from 118 individuals.We reconstructed the ancestral states of 11 acoustic variables that reflecting the song structure(whistle, trill, harmonic, number of notes, duration, duration of longest note, duration of longest intervals, peak frequency, maximum frequency, minimum frequency and bandwidth). We used maximum-likelihood methods to map the song variables into the molecular tree established by Alström et al. (2011), and reconstructed the ancestral states of the acousticvariables. The result indicated that the ancestral states of this family produced songs with no whistle (62.7%), no trill (66.7%), no harmonic (99.8%), few notes (99.8%), short duration (99.9%), short longest note (99.8%), short longest intervals (99.8%), low minimum frequency (99.6%), low maximum frequency (99.6%), low peak frequency (99.9%) and small bandwidth (99.8%).We also used playback experiments to study the acoustic identification between species in order to understand the influencing factors of the song evolution pattern of Cettiidae. One-speaker playback experiments were carried out in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve in Henan Province in April of2014.One song of the six species (Shade Warbler, Fiji Warbler, Philippine Bush Warbler, Japanese Bush Warbler, Aberrant Bush Warbler and Hume's Bush Warbler) was randomly played to brownish-flanked bush warbler, and we recorded six variables to measure 6 levels of reaction behaviours during the 3-minute experiment. A total of 7 wild individuals were involved in playback experiments. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the degree of reaction of brownish-flanked bush warbler to the songs of other 6 species. It was indicated that the differentiation of songs of the Cettiidae may not be completed yet. It was suggested that the evolution of songs may be mainly affected by phylogeny, or resulted from the little difference of the response, playback experiments was hard to detect.