纳米粒子/非水溶液体系广泛存在于日常生活中，比如染料、墨水、农业化学品、化妆品等；同时，它也是科学研究尤其是化学研究领域中重要的一部分，为学者们研究非水体系中固/液相界面处的相互作用提供有利的平台。介电谱方法是一种有效的，利用电磁波与物质间的相互作用，达到检测物质体系内部结构信息的方法。目前，该方法已广泛应用到化学、生物、材料、医药等多个领域，通过介电谱解析可获得有关物质极化、内部结构、相互作用等电性质相关方面的重要信息。在本文第一章中，对纳米粒子/非水溶液体系的相关研究以及该类体系介电谱研究的现状进行了全面的综述，在此基础上，引出本论文的研究内容和目的，并提出当前介电谱解析方法研究纳米粒子/非水溶液体系存在的问题：主要包括（1）在典型功能型纳米粒子/非水溶液体系中应用的匮乏；（2）对软质型胶束粒子/非水溶液体系中非水溶剂性质研究的不足；（3）在解析特殊尺度纳米粒子/非水溶液体系，尤其是在介电模型的建立中的不足。由于这三个问题各有特点，无法只选取一种特定的体系作为研究对象，因此，针对以上三个问题，本文分别选取了三种体系进行研究。针对问题（1），在本文第三章，选取二氧化钛（TiO2）电流变悬浮液为研究对象。电流变液是一种典型的功能型纳米粒子/非水溶液体系，在电场的作用下可以快速地实现液-固相转变。测量了不同粒子含量以及不同TiO2晶型的TiO2类电流变悬浮液的介电行为；借助相关的理论和模型比如连续介质理论和渗滤模型，讨论了粒子晶型和体积分数对TiO2悬浮液介电弛豫机制、介电参数以及结构变化的影响；并进一步根据改进后的极化模型，计算了与体系流变性质有关的有效介电失配参数，βeff，探讨了介电性质对悬浮液ER效应的影响，尝试解释了纯TiO2具有弱ER效应的原因；结合流变实验，尝试为悬浮体系的介电与力学谱之间建立一定关系。针对问题（2），在本文第四章，选取TX100/甲酰胺胶束体系为研究对象。甲酰胺（FA）是一种常用的“类水溶剂”，它具有高的介电常数和内聚能，这些性质足以使表面活性剂在FA中形成胶束，但是有关表面活性剂在FA中的研究主要集中在其胶束化行为上。由于溶剂性质对表面活性剂胶束行为有影响，就如结合水研究对胶束行为影响的重要性一样，结合FA性质的研究也应该被重视。在宽频范围内测量了非离子型表面活性剂TX100在FA中的介电行为，主要集中在对高频介电谱的解析上，考察了与表面活性剂亲水链上EO单元相作用的结合FA的性质，包括其结合数，偶极矩和弛豫时间；并通过与相应TX100-水体系中结合水性质的比较，讨论了甲酰胺与水的相似性。针对问题（3），在本文第五章，选取多金属氧簇（Polyoxometalate,，POM）这一粒径特殊的“粒子”为研究对象。POM是由前过渡金属原子通过与氧原子配位桥连而成的一类聚阴离子，其粒径在0.5~6nm，该粒径尺度比一般的胶体粒子要小，但比电解质离子要大的多。对于这一特殊粒径的“粒子”，目前还没有详细的介电谱解析研究以及统一的介电模型来描述该类体系。本文测量不同浓度的POM在DMF中的介电行为，希望将介电解析方法在胶体体系中的应用拓展到这类尚未建立介电模型的具有特殊尺度的“粒子”分散系体系。总之，本文围绕着介电谱在研究纳米粒子/非水溶液体系中的不足，主要讨论了纳米粒子/非水溶液体系中粒子-粒子间相互作用，粒子-非水溶剂相互作用以及结合溶剂的极化和动力学性质等有用信息。

The nanoparticles/nonaqueous suspension are commonly used in daily life, such as dye, paint, and agricultural chemicals. Meanwhile, it is also an important part of chemical researches, and provides favorable platform for studying the interactions in solid/liquid interface. Dielectric spectroscopy (DRS), making use of the interaction between electromagnetic wave and materials, is an effective method for detecting the structural information of materials. DRS has been successfully applied in many fields, such as chemistry, biology, material and so on. By dielectric analysis, much valuable information on the polarization, structural, interactions of materials can be obtained. In chapter 1, i.e. Introduction, the related researches of nanoparticles/nonaqueous suspensions as well as DRS studies have been reviewed thoroughly. Based on the reviews, the aims and contents of this dissertation have been drawn. There are several problems exist in the application of DRS analysis in nanoparticles/nonaqueous suspensions: (1) limited use of DRS in functional particle/nonaqueous suspensions; (2) the information about properties of polar solvents in soft particles such as micelle/nonaqueous suspensions is always neglected; (3) the development of dielectric model of nonaqueous suspension with special sized particle is far from enough. Because of the feature of each problem, we can not just choose one system as research object. Therefore, three systems are chosen to solve the three problems.To solve problem (1), in chapter 3, TiO2 electrorheological (ER) suspension is chosen as research object. The electrorheological(ER) fluid, representing a smart phase transition from liquid-like to solid-like state under a dc field in milliseconds, is a typical functional particle/nonaqueous suspensions. We studied thoroughly the dielectric behavior of TiO2-based ER suspensions with varying particle concentrations and TiO2 polymorphs. With the help of the relative models and theories such as Bruggman’s effective medium approach and percolation theory, the influence of particle concentrations and TiO2 polymorphs on the relaxation mechanism, dielectric parameters and structural changes of TiO2 suspensions are discussed. The reason for weak ER activity of pure TiO2 suspensions is stated based on the modified polarization model. Combining with rheological experiment, we try to establish some relationship between DRS and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. To solve problem (2), in chapter 4, TX100/formamide micelle suspension is chosen. Formamide (FA) is one of the most common used “water-like” solvents. Its properties, such as high polarity and sufficient cohesive force, ensure the surfactants can form aggregation in FA. However, most of studies only focus on the properties of micelle. Just like the importance of properties of the hydration water in surfactant aqueous systems, the information about the dynamics of the associated FA in surfactant non-aqueous systems should also be focused on to understand the molecular organization and functions of surfactant in FA. Dielectric behaviors of TX100-FA binary mixtures with varying temperature and surfactant concentrations are measured. We focus on the properties of the associated FA, including its relaxation time, dipole moment, and associated numbers. The similarity of FA and water are also discussed.To solve problem (3), in chapter 5, Polyoxometalate (POM) is chosen. POM is an important class of polynuclear metal oxide molecular anions. The radius of POM, 0.5~6nm, is much smaller than that of common colloid particle but larger than that of general ions. As far as we know there is no dielectric theory or dielectric model has been developed to describe this kind of special sized “particle”. We measured the dielectric behaviors of POM in DMF with varying concentrations and temperature, wishing to extend dielectric analysis method from colloid dispersion to a special system that has never been described by any existing electrical model.In conclusions, this dissertation focuses on the deficits of application of DRS analysis in nanoparticles/nonaqueous suspensions, and mainly discusses much information of the suspensions, including particle-particle interactions, particle-solvent interactions, and polarization and dynamics of associated solvent.