产业结构调整是转变发展方式的重要内容，对加快经济发展方式转变具有重要性意义。产业结构的调整，不仅受国内自然资源、劳动力资源和资本供给情况、技术进步、对外贸易等因素的影响，还受外资的作用。为更好地利用外资促进产业结构的调整，中国制定了相关外资政策，如 1983年《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法实施条例》、1986年《国务院关于鼓励外商投资的规定》， 以及1987年、1995年、1997年、2002年、2004年、2007年及2011年先后七次颁布的《外商投资产业指导目录》等。 总体而言，中国外资政策影响产业结构的调整经历五个阶段：初步阶段（1979-1982年）——基本无产业导向性全面鼓励；成长阶段（1983-1991年）——产业导向性重点鼓励；提升阶段（1992-2001年）——敏感行业试点性开放；成熟阶段（2002-2007年）——全面开放下的产业导向；稳步发展阶段（2008年至今）——产业外资质量导向。 在这五个阶段中，中国外资政策主要通过外资的中介作用来影响产业结构的调整。一是通过产业资本供给效应传导机制、外资技术溢出效应传导机制、产业关联效应传导机制、竞争效应传导机制影响外资产业流入；二是通过外资产业资本结构和外资产业技术结构影响外资产业流向。其中，其影响因素主要有国内和投资方两个部分，如初始产业结构、市场竞争状况、政策传导因素、政策竞争因素等内部因素和外资的产业关联度、外资产业选择倾向性等外部因素。改革开放以来，中国外资政策促进产业结构的合理化与高度化，但是也造成了加大产业结构偏差、产业内部发展失衡、锁定效应和产业结构同构化等负面效应。 在新形势下，应加强外资政策的产业导向性、提高外资政策对外资质量的要求、健全市场竞争机制以减少外资政策失灵、完善外资政策及配套制度建设和保障外资政策执行的有效性，充分发挥外资政策对产业结构调整的促进作用。

Being the vital part in the transformation of development mode, the adjustment of industrial structure plays an important role in speeding up the transforming of economic development patterns. Besides the domestic supply of natural resources, labor resources and capital situation, technological progress, and foreign trade, the adjustment of industrial structure are also influenced by foreign direct investment. In order to better promote industrial structure adjustment with the use of foreign direct investment, China had made foreign direct investment policy, such as” the implementing regulations of Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise law “in1983,"the provisions of the state council on encouraging foreign investment “in1986, and ”the guiding catalogue of industries for foreign direct investment” promulgated in 1987, 1995, 1997, 2002, 2004, 2007 and 2011, etc. In general, the effect of China’s foreign direct investment policy on industrial structure has five stages: Initial stage (1979-1982), there were no industry leading and comprehensive encouragement in this stage; Growth stage (1983-1991) –there were industrial orientation and major encourage; Promotion stage (1992-2001) –the sensitive industries pilot were open; Mature stage (2002-2007) - industry orientation under were fully open; Steady development stage (2008 - present), the industrial quality-oriented foreign investment. In the five stages, China's foreign direct investment policy influences the adjustment of industrial structure through the intermediary role of foreign investment mainly. On one hand, foreign direct investment inflows were influenced through the supply effects of industrial capital transmission mechanism, foreign technology spillovers conduction mechanism, the industrial connection effect transmission mechanism, and competition effect conduction mechanism; On the other hand, foreign direct investment flows were affected through foreign direct investment industry capital structure and foreign direct investment industry technical structure. The main influence factors are divided into two parts, the domestic and the investor, such as initial structure of industry, market competition situation, policy conduction factors, competitive factors in internal factors, foreign direct investment industry correlation and trend in external factors.Since China's reform and Opening policy, China's foreign direct investment policy had promoted industrial structure rationally and highly, while contributed to the increase of the deviation of industrial structure, the imbalance in industry internal development, lock-in effect and industry isomorphism negative effects on industrial structure. Under the new circumstances, we should strengthen the industry guidance of the foreign direct investment policy, improve the quality of foreign direct investment in policy, improve the market competition mechanism in order to reduce foreign policy failure, improve the system of foreign direct investment policy and supportive construction, guarantee the effectiveness of foreign direct investment policy, and make good use of foreign direct investment policy to fully promote industrial structure adjustment.