中文题名: | 社会支持对老年人自评孤独感的影响研究 |
姓名: | |
保密级别: | 公开 |
论文语种: | 中文 |
学科代码: | 125200 |
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学生类型: | 硕士 |
学位: | 公共管理硕士 |
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学位年度: | 2020 |
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研究方向: | 卫生与医疗保险管理 |
第一导师姓名: | |
第一导师单位: | |
提交日期: | 2020-01-09 |
答辩日期: | 2020-01-09 |
外文题名: | 社会支持对老年人自评孤独感的影响研究 |
中文关键词: | |
外文关键词: | |
中文摘要: |
背景:在全球“银发浪潮”的席卷之下,我国同样面临着越发严重的老年危机,而老年人的健康问题也逐步成为社会的焦点。根据现有研究显示,随着人群中老年人口占比的增多,自评身体健康者的比重逐渐下降。在健康这一问题中,关于身体健康的研究占有很大的比重,而心理健康同样不容忽视。老年人的心理健康问题会直接导致诸如老年人自杀、老年人犯罪等诸多社会问题,值得关注的是,随着社会生活节奏的不断加快以及家庭结构的变革,老年人孤独感的发生率逐步增多,由此产生的老年人吸烟、自残等损害健康的行为非常普遍,较大的影响了老年人的生活质量。 目的:利用2014年第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据,探讨不同人口学特征对老年人自评孤独感的差异,通过分析相关影响因素,聚焦老年人社会支持对其自评孤独感的影响及影响程度,试图以社会支持为切入点,提出降低老年人自评孤独感的建议。 方法:以2014年第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据为数据来源,通过数据整理,确定本研究样本量为13979人。利用stata14.0进行统计,采用量化分析的方法,主要包括描述统计,单因素方差分析、卡方检验、Logistic回归分析、Margins边际效应分析。 结果:从调查样本整体情况看,中国老年人孤独感发生率较高,占38.54%,超过三分之一的老年人自评曾经有孤独的体验。在不同婚姻状况的群体中,从未结婚的老年人有孤独体验的占比最高,为78.95%,现在有配偶的老年人自评孤独感占比最低,为26.00%,婚姻状况对老年人自评孤独感程度具有决定性的影响。在性别差异方面,男性自评有孤独感的占比为33.23%,女性为42.94%,高于男性9.7%。在受教育程度方面,随着受教育程度的上升,老年人自评孤独感逐步下降。在年龄及自我照料能力方面,随着年龄的上升,自我照料能力下降,孤独感逐步上升。Margins边际效应结果发现,社会支持每上升1个单位,老年人自评孤独感减少约14.7%(p=0.000),社会支持对老年人自评孤独感产生负向影响。 结论:老年人获得社会支持能够减轻自评孤独感的发生。 |
外文摘要: |
Background: under the global "silver wave" sweeping, China is also facing an increasingly serious crisis of old age, and the health of the elderly has gradually become the focus of the society. According to the existing research, as the proportion of middle-aged and elderly people in the population increases, the proportion of self-rated healthy people gradually decreases. In the issue of health, the research on physical health occupies a large proportion, and mental health should not be ignored either. The elderly mental health problems will directly lead to many social problems such as the elderly, the elderly suicide crime, most remarkably, with the accelerating pace of social life and family structure change, the incidence of the elderly loneliness gradually increased, the resulting older people smoking, self-harm behaviors are very common, such as damages health, great influence the quality of life for the elderly. Objective: using the 2014 for the fourth time sampling survey data of urban and rural elderly living conditions in China, to explore different demographic characteristics on the differences of self-evaluation of the elderly loneliness, through the analysis of relevant factors, focusing on the elderly social support for the influence extent of the effect of self-reported loneliness and social support as the breakthrough point, trying to suggest reduce the self-evaluation of the elderly loneliness. Methods: the data of the fourth sampling survey on the living conditions of the elderly in urban and rural China in 2014 were taken as the data source, and the sample size of this study was determined to be 13,979 people through data processing. Stata14.0 was used for statistics, and quantitative analysis was adopted, mainly including descriptive statistics, univariate analysis of variance, chi-square test, Logistic binary regression analysis, margins analysis. Results: from the overall situation of the survey sample, the incidence of loneliness among the elderly in China was high, accounting for 38.54%. Among the groups with different marital status, the elderly who have never married have the highest proportion of loneliness experience (78.95%), while the elderly who have a spouse now have the lowest proportion of self-reported loneliness (26.00%). Marital status has a decisive influence on the degree of self-reported loneliness of the elderly. In terms of gender difference, 33.23% of men and 42.94% of women reported feeling lonely, higher than 9.7% of men. In terms of education level, with the increase of education level, the loneliness of the elderly gradually declined. In terms of age and self-care ability, as age increases, self-care ability decreases and loneliness gradually increases. The Margins effect showed that for every unit increase in social support, the self-reported loneliness of the elderly decreased by about 14.7% (p=0.000), and social support had a negative effect on self-reported loneliness of the elderly.. Conclusion: social support for the elderly can reduce the incidence of self-reported loneliness. |
参考文献总数: | 63 |
作者简介: | 北京师范大学硕士研究生,公共管理专业,研究方向为卫生与医疗保险管理 |
馆藏号: | 硕125200/20230 |
开放日期: | 2021-01-09 |