基因编辑技术作为生命科学的一种研究手段，可对生物进行基因治疗、基因改造、基因加强。但由于基因编辑技术的局限性、基因运作规律的不可预知性等原因，基因编辑技术的实际运作成效与理想状态形成较大差距，从而引发了对于基因编辑技术的技术风险、伦理风险、法律风险的讨论。基于各界对于基因编辑技术的热切讨论，《刑法修正案（十一）》以新增非法植入基因编辑、克隆胚胎罪来规制基因编辑技术运用风险，但其存在着用语的不准确性、标准的模糊性、内容的不完整性等问题。因此亟须对非法植入基因编辑、克隆胚胎罪进行详细的司法解释。同时，该罪未能体现对非人类生命的尊重，基于生态循环的理念，应当增加将动物胚胎植入异种动物体内的规定。我国现行刑法对于基因编辑技术滥用造成的结果控制散落在各个章节中，但由于基因编辑技术滥用本身所产生的法益是一种尚未稳固的生命科技研发秩序，故而现有的相关罪名很难切合这种新兴的法益从而做到罪刑法定与罪责刑相一致。与此同时，基因编辑技术的滥用不仅存在于人类本身，也存在于诸多动植物身上，转基因食物、异种器官研究都是体现，现有刑法对这些内容并未给予足够的回应。

刑法作为社会治理的最后手段，始终应秉持谦抑性的要求，但在现代社会技术性风险、生态性风险等诸多社会风险下，刑法应当以一种积极预防的态度去做出合理应对。以保护新的法益为目的从而加大刑法对于社会治理的介入程度并未突破谦抑性的要求，反而是一种与时俱进的体现。基因编辑技术的运用所产生的生命科技研发秩序是一种新的法益，刑法应当介入管控。然而，技术进步与技术扼杀之间只有薄薄的一张纸，立法者既想要通过基因编辑技术的发展为人类医学、物种育种、粮食生产等各个方面助力，又担忧由于基因本身、技术本身等问题导致在大生物循环下造成人类遗传风险、生态风险等各种风险，故而在行政前置法管控基因编辑技术滥用无效前提下，刑法仅新增非法植入基因编辑、克隆胚胎罪。但仅新增一尚未得到司法解释详细说明的罪名难以控制生命科技风险溢出，因此，立足于生命科技研发秩序这一新兴法益，结合现行刑法体系各章节保护法益基本布局，在刑法第六章增设破坏基因科技研发秩序类罪，将非法植入基因编辑、克隆胚胎罪纳入其中，并新增非法基因编辑动植物罪，从而增强对基因编辑技术的整体性管控，并更好地平衡基因编辑技术效益与风险的关系。同时，基于刑法发动的补充性与保障性这一特征，对基因编辑技术的资质审查问题、知情同意、危险性较小的体细胞研究等内容，应当以其他部门法为手段进行规制，以此为刑法介入基因编辑技术的规制守好边界。

As a research method of life science, gene editing technology can be used for gene therapy, gene modification and gene enhancement.However, due to the limitations of gene editing technology and the unpredictability of gene operation , the actual operation effect of gene editing technology are far from the ideal state, which leads to the discussion on the technical risks, ethical risks and legal risks of gene editing technology.Based on the lively discussion of gene editing technology which from different area, the Criminal Law Amendment 11 regulates the risks of the use of gene editing technology by adding the crimes of illegal implantation of gene editing and cloning embryos，nevertheless，there are problems such as inaccurate terminology, ambiguity of sentencing standards, and incompleteness of content. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out detailed judicial interpretations on the crime of illegal implantation of both gene editing and cloning of embryos.At the same time, the crime fails to reflect respect for non-human life, Based on the concept of ecological cycle, provisions for implanting animal embryos into other different animals should be added.The results control caused by the abuse of gene editing technology in Chinese current criminal law are scattered in various chapters,, but the legal benefits generated by the abuse of gene editing technology itself are an unstable order of life science and technology research and development, it is difficult for the existing related crimes to fit this emerging legal interest, so as to achieve the principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. The abuse of gene editing technology not only exists in human beings, but also in many animals and plants, such as genetically modified food and different species of organ transplantation research. The existing criminal law has not given sufficient response to these contents.

As the last means of social governance, criminal law should always uphold the requirements of modesty, but under many social risks such as technical risks and ecological risks in modern society, criminal law should make reasonable responses with a positive and preventive attitude. Driven by technology, the society keeps advancing, and new legal interests keep emerging. and the purpose of protecting new legal interests to increase the degree of intervention of criminal law in social governance does not break through the requirements of modesty, but a manifestation of keeping pace with the times.The order of life science and technology research and development generated by the use of gene editing technology is a new legal benefit, and criminal law should intervene and control it. However, there isa very small difference between technological progress and technological strangulation, legislators not only want to help human medicine, species breeding, food production and other aspects through the development of gene editing technology, but also worry gene technology result in human genetic risks, ecological risks and other risks under the large biological cycle, so under the premise that the administrative law is ineffective to control the abuse of gene editing technology, the criminal law only adds the crime of illegal implantation of gene editing and cloning embryos.Therefore, based on the newborn legal interest of life science and technology research and development order, combined with the basic layout of protecting legal interests in each chapter of the current criminal law system, the crime of undermining the order of gene science and technology research and development is added in Chapter VI of the Criminal Law, including the crime of illegal implantation of gene editing and cloning embryos, and the crime of illegal gene editing of animals and plants, so as to enhance the overall control of gene editing technology. and better balance the benefits and risks of gene editing technology.At the same time, based on the characteristics of the complementarity and guarantee of criminal law initiation, the qualification review of gene editing technology, informed consent, less dangerous somatic cell research, should be regulated by other departmental laws,so as to keep the boundary of the regulation of criminal law's involvement in gene editing technology.