英语的发展，从语法形式和句子结构来看，呈现出的趋势是由繁到简，而作为语言三大要素之一的词汇来说，却是愈来愈丰富，愈来愈复杂。词汇不仅是构成语言的基本材料，而且是语言中最重要、最有生命力的一个要素,人类的一切思想活动，思想交流是通过词和由词构成的句子来实现的，语言是人类表达思想的工具。离开词汇，再好的思想都无法表达，语言也就失去了实际意义。词汇是英语学习的根基，也是学好英语的关键。词汇量的大小无疑直接影响英语听、说、读、写四方面的能力, 学生掌握的英语词汇越多则实际运用的能力越强。在初中英语教学过程中，词汇教学是基础。这就要求英语教师在教学中，要更加重视词汇教学，不断探索与改进，以多样的、科学的教学方法、教学策略激发学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生熟练的掌握和运用词汇。同时教师作为中介者，在教学过程中也起着不可低估的作用, 要培养学生形成学习与积累词汇的好习惯。 然而，在实际的英语词汇教学中仍然存在很多问题，教师词汇教学手段单一化，教学脱离语境，造成学生缺乏实际运用能力。很多学生抱怨词汇量大，单词记不住,多是靠死记硬背记单词，投入时间大，遗忘现象严重，但是收获甚微。低效率的词汇学习大大挫伤了学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性，也使学生丧失了信心。教师的教学现状不容乐观，教学质量低下。 本文通过问卷调查和访谈的形式，对珠海市文园中学12位初中英语教师和122位初中学生进行调查，了解初中英语词汇教学中存在的问题，从教与学两方面入手，分析了这些问题，最后针对现状和问题探索有效的词汇教学和学习策略。通过分析文园中学词汇教学中所产生的问题，文章总结发现，大多数初中生在学习单词的过程中都不会使用词汇学习方法和策略，作为老师，他们本身就缺乏正确的词汇教学方法，同时也没有培养学生使用词汇学习策略的意识。

With the development of English, the trend of grammar form and sentence structure turns from simple to complex, but vocabulary, as one of the three basic language elements ( pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary ), is becoming more and more abundant, more and more intricate. Vocabulary is not only the basic material for constituting language but also the most important and dynamic factor. All human mental acts and thought exchange are realized through words and sentences. Language is the vehicle of human thought. Without lexicon, it is no use to express his feeling and ideas, and language will also lose its practical significance. Vocabulary is the foundation of English learning and also the key to learn English well. The size of vocabulary is undoubtedly a direct impact on listening, speaking, reading and writing. The more English vocabulary the students master, the greater the ability of practical they have. In the process of junior middle school English teaching, vocabulary teaching is the foundation, which requires English teacher to attach more importance to vocabulary teaching, explore and improve themselves continuously. The teacher tries their best to stimulate students by using various and scientific teaching methods, teaching strategies and help students master and use vocabulary skillfully. Meanwhile, teachers, as mediators, play an important role in the teaching-learning process and should foster the students to form good habit of learning and accumulating vocabularies. However, there still exists many problems in actual English vocabulary teaching, such as, teachers’ single teaching method and teaching out of the specific context. Many Students complain that English vocabulary is so large that it’ s hard for them to remember. They have no choice but memorizing new words, so a lot of time and effort is wasted. The low efficiency in vocabulary learning greatly demotivates the students’ learning interest and enthusiasm, and also makes students lose confidence in learning English. The present teaching situation is not going well and therefore the teaching quality is rather poor. In this paper, the author used questionnaires, interviews and classroom observation as instruments to collect data from 12 English teachers and 122 students in junior high school—Wenyuan Middle in Zhuhai city. The questionnaires are designed to reveal the existing problems in junior English vocabulary teaching, from teaching and learning to analyze the reasons for these problems. Finally, the paper concludes and puts forward to effective vocabulary teaching and learning strategies. Based on analyzing the problems of vocabulary teaching and learning in Wenyuan Middle School, the paper revealed some findings both from teachers and students. Most of the junior students are not capable of using vocabulary learning strategies and methods when they are learning English vocabulary. Teachers themselves are short of appropriate methods of vocabulary teaching and they have no consciousness of training students’ vocabulary learning strategy.