社会科学是研究社会现象的科学，内容通常都涉及某一专业领域。对于此类文本的翻译，首先，译者必须了解相关领域的背景知识，这是保证理解原文的关键。其次，译者还需要理清文本的逻辑关系，分析文本背后作者想要传达的意图。再者，译者要能精炼地表达符合习惯的文本内容。 本文以翻译项目《理解贫困和环境：分析框架与方法》为硏究对象。在目的论的目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则的指导下，笔者着重从词汇、句法、语篇三个层面举例论证社科类文本的翻译难点和重点，试图归纳相应的翻译策略。最后对本次翻译实践进行总结，并指出不足，希望能够给未来社科类文本翻译人员提供参考与启示。 本文分为四章。第一章是翻译项目介绍，简要概述该翻译项目并分析项目文本的特点；第二章介绍本项目的指导理论，回顾了翻译目的论的发展及其对本翻译项目实践的意义；第三章从译前、译中和译后三个阶段回顾该项目的翻译过程；第四章是案例分析及应对的翻译策略。从词汇、句法、语篇三个层面出发，对原文中的具体案例进行分析，指出文本翻译难点，并归纳出直译、意译、音译、顺译、逆译、拆译、合译、变“被动”为“主动”、“被”字活译等策略，在语篇上保持衔接和连贯。最后对该翻译项目进行总结，指出不足和未来完善的方向。

Social science, which studies social phenomena, usually involves a certain professional field. For translators, they must first do some preparations before translation. They need to read lots of reference books of relative fields or majors, in order to better understand the background knowledge of the ST. This step is key to ensure understanding of the ST. Second, it is also necessary to clarify logics within the ST and analyze the author’s intentions. Furthermore, the translated text should be put into a target text (TT) that conforms to the target language. This paper, a case study of Understanding Poverty and the Environment: Analytical Framework and Approaches, is undertaken under the guidance of the Skopos Theory which includes three principles, namely, the skopos rule, the coherence rule and the fidelity rule. The author will demonstrate with examples some difficulties and solutions from lexical, syntactic and discourse perspectives, trying to summarize corresponding translation strategies for social science texts, in the hope of providing reference and inspiration to future translators. This paper is composed of four chapters. The first chapter introduces the translation project, including an overview of the project and an analysis of the ST. The second chapter introduces the guiding theory of the project?——Skopos Theory, with reviews of the theory’s development and its significance to this project. The third chapter has three stages, pre-translation, while-translation and post-translation. This introduces the process of the project. Last, there are some case analyses in terms of lexicology, syntax and discourse with suggested translation strategies, such as literal translation, free translation, transliteration, sequential and inverted sentences translation methods, segmentation and combination, putting passive into positive sentences and the flexible transformation of passive voice forms, to make the TT fluent and readable in coherence and cohesion. In the end, a summary is made to point out weakness of the project and what improvements should be done in the future.