脑瘫儿童是一个特殊的弱势群体，他们及其家庭长期生活在压力和痛苦之中，许多家庭不堪重负而放弃对脑瘫儿童的治疗，甚至将他们遗弃，但这些情况却长期被社会所忽视。本研究以脑瘫儿童及其家庭作为研究对象，从社会支持理论视角出发，运用案例研究方法，分别对北京、黑龙江、河南的6户脑瘫儿童家庭进行了两轮深度访谈，在此基础上，详细而全面的揭示了脑瘫儿童及其家庭的生活状况、需要和获得的社会支持情况，最终在分析其需要满足情况和社会支持充足程度的基础上，提出改善脑瘫儿童及其家庭生存状况的政策建议。本研究发现：（1）脑瘫儿童家庭在不同阶段有不同需要，他们面临早期确诊、康复训练与治疗、生活照顾、经济支持、心理辅导、教育等多种需要；（2）已有的社会支持有助于脑瘫儿童的早期康复，改善家庭生活。目前获得的社会支持主要源自亲朋好友的经济、照顾和情感支持，以及政府有关机构的政策和服务支持；（3）现有的社会支持不能满足脑瘫儿童及其家庭的需要。因此，本研究建议：政府相关部门、医疗机构亟需加强对脑瘫知识的普及和宣传工作，这有助于儿童脑瘫的预防和早期诊断；建立健全医疗问责制度，追究医院失误而导致脑瘫的责任；建立0-6岁脑瘫儿童专项救助，帮助脑瘫儿童进行早期的有效康复；最低生活保障等社会救助政策应将支出性贫困纳入考虑，减少对于脑瘫儿童家庭的制度排斥，从而满足脑瘫儿童及家庭的基本生活需要。

Children with cerebral palsy are special vulnerable groups, they and their families living in the pressure and pain for a long time. Many families have no choice but to give up the treatment of their children, even abandoned or killed them. But these are long-term ignored by the society.In this study, children with cerebral palsy and their families as the research object. This research use social support theory and case study method, conducted two rounds of interviews in six families from Beijing, Heilongjiang, and Henan province. Reveal the living conditions, needs and social support of children with cerebral palsy and their families. Policy recommendations are made in order to improve their survival conditions. The study found that: (1) Families of children with cerebral palsy have different needs in different periods. They face early diagnosis, rehabilitation and treatment, life care, economic support, psychological counseling, education and other needs. (2) Existing social support can help children with cerebral palsy get early rehabilitation and improve family living environment. Children with cerebral palsy and their families have received economy, care and emotional support from friends and family, as well as the policies and service support from relevant government agencies. (3) The existing social support cannot meet the needs of children with cerebral palsy and their families. Therefore, this study suggests that: the relevant government departments, medical institutions need to strengthen the popularity of cerebral palsy knowledge, which is helpful to the prevention and early diagnosis of children with cerebral palsy. Establish and improve the health care system of accountability, investigated the responsibility of hospital. Establish special assistance for children with cerebral palsy under six-years old, which will help them to have early rehabilitation. Social assistance policy should take spending poverty into consideration; reduce the system rejection to those families. All these policies could meet the needs of children with cerebral palsy and their families.