大数据时代下各大网络平台抖音、淘宝等手机APP作为与人民日常生活联系最为紧密的工具一般是以收集并利用个人信息为提供服务并为其自身谋取商业利益的基础，而取得用户同意则是其运行的合法性基础，由此知情同意成为个人信息保护的基本原则。然而随着网络信息技术的飞速发展，该项原则也存在诸多问题，如知情同意告知形式化不符合目前网络平台的发展现状，因此引入同意撤回制度十分必要。

2021年11月我国首部《个人信息保护法》正式生效，其中关于个人信息同意撤回的规定标志着同意撤回制度正式被纳入以知情同意原则为核心的个人信息保护的立法体系下。同意撤回是同意的一种消极形式，意图退出信息处理关系，既包含着人格利益又包含着财产利益。

为深度分析该项新制度，本文在第一章第二章讨论我国引入同意撤回的时代背景，同意撤回提出的理论基础以及国内外关于同意撤回的立法路径，在此理论研究与立法实践的基础上本文在第三章着重从私法层面来讨论同意撤回所包含的具体内容，分析其不同于意思表示撤回、撤销的性质特点，即同意撤回不需要有表意瑕疵，是个人信息权的单方行使，并且由于个人的信息人格利益优先于处理者的信息财产利益，同意撤回不受处理者信赖制约，也不受除斥期间的限制，也即同意撤回使个人可以根据情况随时退出信息处理关系。正是由于同意撤回这些特殊的性质特点，为保障该项权利的有效行使就需要遵循便利性原则，个人信息保护法规定信息处理者不仅不能横加干涉该项权利的行使还需要尽可能的提供必要的行权便利。

鉴于立法给予了个人行使同意撤回权极大的便利与宽容，本文在第四章也将深入探讨同意撤回所产生的独特的法律效果，即为保证信息处理法律关系稳定和公平，之前基于同意做出的信息处理活动不因同意撤回而失效，但同意撤回后应禁止处理者再为信息处理的行为，并且同意撤回后所产生的相应损失责任由网络平台自担。当然作为一项新引入的制度，在实践应用中难免会存在一时难以适应的问题，本文第五章通过分析同意撤回可能面临的企业规避成本以及个人怠于行权等现实挑战，提出相应的建议即同意撤回未来在实践应用的过程中要注意与删除权以及市场经济激励制度的有效衔接从而使该项制度能够切实的融入到我国个人信息保护体系中。

通过以上对比分析等方式本文明晰了同意撤回的法律性质以及法律后果希望能够引起更多的人尤其是信息主体关注到自身所享有的该项权利，提高权利意识，并发动各方积极行动以切实地保护公民的个人信息，打造清朗的网络信息社会，使该项新制度能够更有效的发挥作用。

In the era of big data, mobile apps such as TikTok and Taobao, as the tools most closely connected with people’s daily life, are generally based on collecting and using users’ personal information to provide services and seek commercial interests.  Obtaining consent from the subject of personal information is the legitimate basis of making sure these apps function normally. Informed consent thus becomes the basic principle of personal information protection. However, with the rapid development of network information technology, there are many problems in this principle. For example, the formalization of informed consent does not conform to the current development status of network platforms. It is necessary to introduce consent withdrawal system to perfect personal information protection system.

In November 2021, China’s first “personal information protection law” has come into effect, in which consent withdrawal system was first introduced into the informed consent principle—the core principle of personal information protection system. Consent withdrawal is a negative form of consent, intending to withdraw from the information processing relationship, which reveals personality and property interests.

For an in-depth analysis of this new system, this paper in chapter one and chapter two mainly discusses the era background, theoretical basis and the path of legislation both at home and abroad of the right of consent withdrawal. On the basis of the first two chapters, the third chapter emphatically discusses the specific content of consent withdrawal in level of private law and analyzes its characteristics which are different from the withdrawal of declaration of intention and the right of rescission, that is, withdrawing consent does not need defect expression, and it is unilateral exercising of right of personal information. Since the personality interests of personal information are usually superior to the property interests of personal information processors, withdrawing of consent is not subject to the trust of personal information processors and scheduled period. Withdrawal of consent allows individuals to withdraw from the information processing relationship at any time according to situation changes. It is precisely because of these special characteristics of consent withdrawal, in order to ensure the effective exercise of this right, the principle of convenience should be followed. According to the Personal Information Protection Law, the information processor should not only interfere with the exercise of this right, but also provide necessary exercise convenience as far as possible.

Whereas the legislation provides individuals with great facility and tolerance for the exercise of the right to withdraw consent, the fourth chapter will further discuss the legal consequence of consent withdrawal brought by its nature and characteristics, that is, in order to ensure the stability and fairness of the legal relations in the information processing, the previous processing shall not become invalid due to the withdrawal of the consent and network platforms shall bear the responsibility for the loss caused by the withdrawal of the information processing relationship. The fifth chapter of this paper analyzes the practical challenges that may be faced by enterprises to avoid costs and individuals to delay in exercising their rights, and proposes that in the future practice of consent withdrawal, attention should be paid to the effective connection with the right to delete and the incentive system of market economy in order to cope with these challenges.

Through comparative analysis, this paper clarified the legal nature and legal consequences of consent withdrawal, hoping to arouse more people, especially information subjects, to pay attention to the right they enjoy, improve their awareness of rights, and actively exercise their rights to protect their personal information, so that the new system can play a more effective role.