信用证是国际贸易结算中最主要的支付方式之一。它虽然有银行信用作为保证，但也不能完全规避风险。近年来，国际贸易中信用证欺诈案件频频发生，这使相关当事人的利益受到了极大的损害，也扰乱了正常的贸易秩序。明确信用证当事人的权利义务及对应风险和防范措施，对在实务中如何防范信用证风险起着积极的作用。以跟单信用证统一惯例最新规定UCP600为基础，结合信用证实践案例，进行全面的分析和归纳，归类得出信用证当事人的权利义务，浅析其所面临的风险以及应采取的相应措施。

The Letter of Credit is one of the most important ways of payment in the International Trade Settlement. Although based on the bank credit as assurance, it can't be totally safe. In recent years, the credit fraud cases in the international trade take place frequently, which damage the concerned parties’ benefits, also disturb the normal trade order. Identifying the rights, liabilities, risks and countermeasures of the documentary credits’ parties has positive effect on the prevention to the credit risks in practice. According to the provision of UCP600 and the credit practice cases, this paper analyses wholly and generalizes the benefits and duties of the parties’, analyses the risks they face and the countermeasures.