群际帮助通常被认为是一种积极的群际行为，在群际关系研究领域受到越来越多的关注。根据帮助关系性质的不同，群际帮助可分为依赖定向帮助（授人以鱼）和自主定向帮助（授人以渔）。群际帮助受到群际关系的影响，反过来又会影响群际关系。而在后一个主题中，帮助类型对受助方对施助方知觉的影响尚未得到充分研究。
本研究即主要考察了帮助类型（自主定向vs.依赖定向）如何影响受助群体成员对提供帮助的外群体的热情和能力知觉，以及前者对后者的利他动机和地位维持动机的推断在其中所起到的作用。同时，本研究还将两种帮助类型对群际知觉的影响延伸至接受帮助以及广泛合作的意愿层面。
具体地，本研究共进行了一项预实验（N = 153）和两项正式实验研究（N 1 = 120，N2 = 299）来对上述问题进行探索。主体研究部分，研究一采用经预研究评定有效的国家间科技支持的情境，通过单因素（帮助类型:自主定向vs.依赖定向）被试间设计，检验了帮助类型对群体知觉的影响以及对施助方利他动机推断、地位维持动机推断的中介作用。研究一结果发现，与依赖定向的帮助相比，自主定向帮助更能提升受助者对施助外群体在热情和能力上的知觉，利他动机和地位维持动机推断的中介作用显著，且方向相反。研究二采用同研究一类似的情境，通过2（帮助类型:自主定向vs.依赖定向）× 2（帮助重要性:高vs.低）的被试间设计，检验了帮助类型对群体知觉的影响是否会延伸至接受帮助和广泛合作的意愿层面，同时探索了帮助重要性对前半路径的调节作用。结果表明，受助者对提供自主定向帮助的外群体的热情知觉更高，进而接受帮助意愿和合作意愿更强烈，而能力知觉的中介作用不显著。同时，当帮助重要性低时（食品领域的国家间支持），相比于高重要性条件下，帮助类型对热情知觉的作用有所减弱。能力方面则没有路径或整体模型上的调节效应。
本研究具有一定的理论和实践贡献。理论贡献主要在于丰富了群际帮助后效的相关研究，以受助方的视角同时考察自主定向和依赖定向帮助与受助方对施助外群体的知觉及行为意愿之间的关系。实践意义方面，本研究的结论为提升群际支持项目的效果及改善群际关系提供了一定的启示。

Intergroup helping, which represents positive behaviors occurring in an intergroup context, receives increasing attention in the research domain of intergroup relations. Researchers distin-guished between two types of help – autonomy-oriented help (teach a man how to fish) and de-pendency-oriented help (give a man a fish). Intergroup helping can be affected by relations be-tween groups, which in turn shapes intergroup relations. How recipients perceive different types of outgroup help has been understudied.
The present research examined the impact of help type (autonomy-oriented vs. dependen-cy-oriented) on recipients’ perception of help-giving outgroup's warmth and competence and whether these effects occur via perceived altruistic motives and status maintenance motives of the outgroup. The effect of types of help on willingness to accept help and conduct extensive cooperation was also investigated.
Specifically, A preliminary study (N = 153) and two formal studies (N1 = 120, N2 = 299) were conducted. Study 1 adopted technology support at a national level as the intergroup con-text. With a single factor (help type: autonomy- or dependency-oriented) between group design, it examined the effect of help type on outgroup perception and the mediating role of altruistic motives and status maintenance motives attribution. The results found that the perception of both outgroup warmth and competence can be significantly promoted to a larger extent by au-tonomy-oriented help than dependency-oriented one. The effect was mediated by perceived al-truistic motives and status maintenance motives, but in opposite directions. In a similar context, study 2 used a 2 (help type: autonomy- vs. dependency-oriented help) × 2 (perceived im-portance of help: high vs. low) between participants experimental design to further explore whether the effect of help type on group perception extends to the willingness to accept help and cooperate. The moderating role of perceived importance of help on the first half path was also examined. The results showed that recipients rated the autonomy-oriented help-giving out-group higher in terms of warmth, which made them more willing to accept that help and coop-erate with the outgroup. However, the mediating effect of perceived competence was not sig-nificant. At the same time, when help importance was low, the effect of help type on warmth perception was reduced compared to high importance condition. Competence was found to have moderating role neither on individual path nor on the overall model. 
The current research has some theoretical and practical contributions. First, the research is able to advance the understanding of consequences of intergroup helping by examining the re-lationship between help type and the perception and behavioral intentions of recipients towards the help-giving outgroup. Second, the conclusions provide practical approach for how inter-group helping programs can yield concrete results and facilitate positive intergroup relations.