在中国古代传统社会中，知识分子往往通过科举入仕的方式寻求自我价值的实现，但是由于明末清初天崩地解的政治环境和社会结构的变动，出现了大量拒绝入仕或难以入仕的文人学者。一方面，处于政治边缘的学者通过游幕的方式维持生计并寻求学术地位的提升，这是一种学术职业化的倾向。另一方面，出于稳固统治的需要，清廷通过组织编纂大型文史著作的方式，以达到既笼络知识分子，又在意识形态上构建其大一统王朝合法性的目的。徐乾学作为大型学术工程的总裁官，既迎合统治者的价值取向，又拥有较高的学术地位，因而他在辞官后仍能携带《大清一统志》返回到苏州继续开局修志。在这样的政治背景和社会背景下，清代第一个学术幕府——徐乾学苏州幕府应运而生。

以徐乾学作为纽带联结成的幕宾群体受时代影响极深，身份构成较为复杂，价值取向和入幕心态各有不同；但他们拥有编纂《大清一统志》的共同目标和工作内容，并以此为契机展开了从生活到学术的广泛交流，从本质上来讲是一个关系相对松散、思想相对自由的学术共同体。

由徐乾学学术幕府中幕宾群体共同编纂的《大清一统志》，负有为清初统治者构建大一统认同的政治任务。徐氏幕宾群体以地方官僚机构修纂的地方志为基础，通过对传统地理志书体例的承袭和对《大明一统志》的解构，论证了清朝在版图疆域上构建统一、在文化上接续道统、在天命和教化上宣传治统、试图在民族观念上消解血统，全方位构建起清朝大一统王朝的合法性，并以此寻求认同，巩固清王朝的统治。

从徐乾学的学术幕府中，我们能够清晰的看到明清之际的时代背景深刻影响个人，个人在多重作用力下组成了群体，群体又可以通过学术著作的编纂反过来影响时代。清朝首个学术幕府中的幕宾交流活动和《大清一统志》的学术编纂活动，深刻的体现了时代、个人与群体之间的互动关系，幕府活动及其学术成果对当时的学术生态和后世均产生了深远的影响。

In the traditional society of ancient China, intellectuals often sought for the realization of their self-value through imperial examinations. However, due to the political environment and the changes of social structure in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, there appeared a large number of scholars who refused or found it difficult to become officials. On the one hand, scholars on the edge of politics make a living and seek for promotion of academic status by joining into the academic shogunates, which is a tendency of academic professionalism. On the other hand, in order to stabilize the political situation, the Qing court organized many large-scale projects of compiling literature and history work, so as to not only win over the intellectuals, but also to construct the legitimacy of a unified dynasty ideologically.

As the president of a large academic project, Xu Qianxue not only catered to the value orientation of the ruler, but also had a high academic status, so he could still return to Suzhou with the General Annals of the Qing Dynasty after his resignation. Under such political and social background, the first academic shogunate of Qing Dynasty – Xu Qianxue’s Suzhou shogunate emerged at the historic moment.

With Xu Qianxue learning as the link, the group of academic shogunate and audience was deeply influenced by The Times, and their identities were complicated, and their value orientation and mentality were different. However, they had the same goal and work content as the compilation of the United Records of the Great Qing Dynasty, and with this as the connection, they launched a wide range of communication from life to academia, which was essentially a loose academic community.

Da Qing Yi Tong Zhi was compiled by the unified group in Xu Qianxue’s Suzhou shogunate, which was charged with the political task of establishing the identity of the unified rulers in the early Qing Dynasty. Based on the local chorography compiled by the local magistrate and deconstruction of the Da Ming Yi Tong Zhi, Xu Qianxue’s Suzhou shogunate demonstrated the Qing government unified the territory, inherit the Confucian cultural heritage , ruling, the mandate of heaven, spread they complied with the god’s will to rule the daynasty, and clear up, racial prejudice, in order to build up the all-around legitimacy of the Great Unified in Qing Dynasty unified,.In this way, they built Chinese recognition and consolidated the rule of the Qing Dynasty.

From the academic shogunate of Xu Qianxue, we can clearly see that the historical background during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which had a profound impact on individuals. Under multiple forces, individuals formed groups, which in turn could influence The age through the compilation of academic works.

The exchange activities in the first academic shogunate of Qing Dynasty and the academic compilation activities of Da Qing Yi Tong Zhi profoundly reflected the interactive relationship between the age, individuals and groups, and the activities of the shogunate and its academic achievements had a profound impact on the academic ecology at that time and the later generations.