鬼成像是近年来新兴的光学成像技术，其基本组成结构是，将光源产生的光束分开，分别经过两传输系统进行传输，一路经过需要探测的物体，在探测平面“桶”探测。另一个传输系统没有物体，由面阵探测器对空间各点进行探测，记录空间信息。鬼成像中的“鬼”体现在物像分离上，是区别于传统光学成像的独特之处。鬼成像有很强的抗噪性。在成像系统结构方面，能够实现无透镜成像和单像素成像，可以将光源拓展到太赫兹和X射线波段。从计算鬼成像方面来说，其光源照明可控，能够使成像系统更加多样化。

论文共分为四个部分。第一部分是研究背景，梳理了鬼成像的发展脉络及实际应用成果。第二部分简要介绍强度关联的基础理论，从光场的相干性到HBT实验的强度关联，以及基于强度关联的量子鬼成像和经典热光鬼成像。第三部分是作者研究的主要内容，基于随机相位模型提出：正反两个方向入射毛玻璃，所得到的散斑存在关联关系，散斑的相似度很高。理论猜想与实验结果相符。基于上述关联关系，完成相应的的鬼成像实验，并对影响实验结果的因素进行讨论和分析。第四部分是对全文的总结，并提出与此结果相关的、有待进一步解决的关键性问题。

本论文的研究工作与此前的关联成像有所不同。此前大多使用分束器将赝热光分成两束，经两传输系统后在探测平面关联成像，少数利用计算鬼成像、单像素相机等成像方式，通过预设光源实现单路成像。而近几年研究结果表明，若两束光存在关联，即便微弱，也能实现鬼成像。本论文研究工作受此启发。由两束激光分别从正反两个方向入射，经过旋转毛玻璃后各自独立生成散斑，得到的两套散斑存在关联关系。进而在此基础上，完成非孪生光束的鬼成像实验。这一研究工作，初步证实了双向透射散斑场存在关联关系，为鬼成像在更多场景下的实现提供了可能。

Ghost imaging (GI) is a new optical imaging technique that emerged in recent years. The basic idea of GI is to generate two correlated beams by separating the beam from a source: one beam passes through an object and enters a bucket detector; the other propagates freely and is detected by a CCD camera. Different from the traditional optical imaging, the object and its image are nonlocal in GI. The technique of GI shows the ability of anti-noise. Furthermore, lensless imaging and single pixel imaging can be achieved with GI, which can be expanded to terahertz and X-ray wavebands. As for the computational GI, the light source can be manipulated easily, so the imaging system can be diversified.

The thesis contents include mainly four parts. The first part is the research background, we summarize the developments and applications of GI. In the second part, we briefly introduce the basic theory of correlation from optical coherence to the HBT effect. In the third part, based on the random phase model, we demonstrate the correlation between the two transmitted speckle fields generated from a rotating ground glass (RGG) which are illuminated with two symmetrical pumps, meaning the two speckles are similar. Then we demonstrate the corresponding correlation imaging with these two speckle fields, and discuss the quality of image. In the last part, we present a summary and raise some unsolved questions about our scheme.

The research in this thesis is different from the previous correlation imaging. In most previous schemes, pseudo-thermal light is divided into two identical beams, and after two different optical transmission systems, the two beams arrive at two detectors for generating correlated imaging. In part of schemes, such as computational GI and single pixel imaging, one can achieve single-channel imaging by specially modulated sources. Studies in recent years demonstrate that GI can be realized if two beams are correlated even if the correlation is weak. Inspired by this, we demonstrate GI with two speckle fields from a RGG generated by forward and backward incident beams respectively. Our scheme shows that the correlations of bidirectional speckle fields conduce to realize ghost imaging in more scenes.