国内高中英语教学近几年来备受争议，争议的关键即是高中的英语教学到底培养了学生真正的语言能力还是仅仅在训练学生应试？甚至有声音认为英语应该退出高考。而在这一争议之中，2014年高考英语中语法填空题取代单项选择题，高中英语教学尤其在语法教学中悄然发生了变化。本研究希望发现高考英语中的语法测试题型的变化对于高中英语教学的反拨效应，了解这种题型在高中英语教学中对于教师、学生和整个学科有着怎样的影响。同时探究在高考英语题型改革的大背景下，对于教师群体而言，教学方式会发生怎样的转变以及对于学生群体而言，学生的英语学习方式会有怎样的变化。本研究主要以海南地区某高中的高一学生为研究对象，主要使用了问卷、试卷分析、课堂观察以及教师和学生的访谈等多种研究方法对于研究问题进行了数据的收集和分析，最终得出结论。问卷主要测查学生对于语法学习的态度以及学习的方法。试卷分析主要通过分析试卷中相关题型的错误分析学生语法学习在知识体系上存在的问题。课堂观察主要针对个别有经验的教师，收集课堂片段进行归纳和分析。访谈则分别针对个别教师和学生单独进行，测查教师群体和学生群体对于语法教学和语法学习的态度和建议。本研究发现题型的改革对于高中英语教学有着很大的反拨效应，具体体现在教师的教学方式和学生的学习方法发生了一定的转变。教师会更加注重在真实情景中的语法教学，注重学生的能力培养，会在课堂使用多种任务如造句、翻译和写作等培养学生的语言运用能力。而学生群体则更加注重基础知识的培养，阅读能力的提高以及运用语言的能力，因此在平时学习中会通过梳理基础知识、阅读训练以及一些综合训练来提高自身语言能力。本研究对于高中英语教学能起到一定的借鉴作用，具有一定的理论和实践意义。

The subject of English teaching in High School of China has been under heated dispute in recent years and the key of dispute is whether the English teaching cultivates students' real ability of using the language or it is just a process of training students to take exams? Some even argue for the idea that English as a subject should be eliminated from college entrance examinations. During this period, the multiple choice grammar questions were replaced by blank filling grammar test for the first time in NMET of 2014. Along with this, the change in English teaching and learning, especially in grammar has started in a quiet way. This research intends to find out the washback effect of the change in the NMET on the English teaching and learning, and how this type of grammar test will influence teachers, students and the subject as a whole. Meanwhile, the research was designed to explore how teachers' teaching methods and students' learning methods will change with the test reform in NMET.In this research, the writer mainly focuses on one senior high school in the province of Hainan. The study used multiple research methods to address the research questions, which include a questionnaire survey, test paper analysis, classroom observation and interview of teachers and students. The questionnaires are intended to find out students' attitude towards grammar learning and their learning strategy. Test paper analysis mainly focuses on students' problems in grammar knowledge by analyzing the mistakes in the test papers. Classroom observations are conducted to a few experienced teachers, and they are observed and the teaching process are noted down and analyzed after that. The interview was designed for a few teachers and students in the purpose of knowing their attitude and suggestions on the topic of grammar teaching and learning.Results of the study show that the reform of grammar test form in the NMET has positive washback effect on English teaching and learning. Changes have taken place in teachers' teaching methods and students' learning strategies. Teachers focus more on teaching grammar in real context and pay more attention to cultivating student's ability while using a variety of tasks in class such as sentence making, translation and writing in training students' ability of using the language and handwriting skills. Meanwhile, the students pay more attention to the accumulation of basic English knowledge and improvement of reading ability as well as the ability of using the language. As a result, the students improve their language competence by doing comprehensive drills such as reviewing basic knowledge, reading comprehension instead of working on multiple choice items. In all, the research will be of significance to English teaching and learning theoretically and practically.