青海地区是明朝的边陲要地，有着十分重要的历史地位，随着明代移民实边政策的实行，青海逐渐发展成了今天多民族和谐共生的省份，成为了分析研究中央政策对区域民族关系影响的典型案例。本文将以明代永乐到嘉靖年间为特定时间，青海这一区域为特定空间，用史料研读法来研究中央移民实边政策对该区域民族格局的影响。全文一共有三部分，青海作为明代边陲要地，明政府为加强对各少数民族的管控，并有效抵御边区少数民族的扰边犯塞，在该地大量驻军和屯田，也就是在青海地区“塞外四卫”内部矛盾冲突与边区少数民族扰边犯塞这样两个背景原因的促使下，大量内地民人迁入，这便是全文第一部分，之后将根据各地方志等史料的研读将这些大量内地民人迁入的来源、类型论述清楚，再通过对来源类型的论述，结合同时期其他地区移民实边所呈现的特点，将迁入青海地区之后呈现特点进行总结论述，以此构成本文的第二部分；第三部分主要叙述明廷采取“移民实边”这一政策对于当地民族格局的影响，将从对民族结构变化的影响、民族之间文化的交流交融来进行论述，从而对青海民族格局的变化对我国统一多民族国家形成的作用进行阐述。

The full text altogether has three parts, Qinghai takes the Ming Dynasty border area important place, the Ming Dynasty government for strengthens to its various national minority's control, and effectively resists the border area reactionary invasion, garrisons massively in this place and opens up wasteland, also is in the Qinghai area "four guards beyond the Great Wall" under the internal turmoil and under the exterior invasion such two background reasons urges, causes the massive inland people to move in, this is the full text first part. After that, according to the study of local chronicles and other historical materials, the origin and type of the immigration of these large numbers of inland people will be clearly discussed.After that, through the discussion of the source type, the characteristics of the immigrants from other areas in the contract period will be summarized and discussed after they moved to Qinghai, which constitutes the second part of this paper; The third part mainly narrates the influence of the policy of "immigration to the border area" on the local ethnic pattern, which will be discussed from the influence on the changes of ethnic structure and the cultural exchanges and blending among ethnic groups., so as to elaborate the role of the change of ethnic pattern in Qinghai in the formation of a unified multi-ethnic country in China.