随着西方的多元文化教育在我国的盛行，从1986年以来，我国就逐渐放开了中小学教材的编制政策，由原来的“一纲一本”发展为后来的“一纲多本”，再到课程资源开发及利用的倡导，这些适应了中国地广人多、文化风情各异的国情，无疑是大大的进步。随着“一纲多本”教材理念的倡导，国内便出现了多种多样版本的教材。教材评价理论也因此得到了越来越多的关注与研究，教育界越来越关心国家教材在各个地方各级学校的适应性问题，并通过各种指标或维度来评价之，已成了必然的趋势。大多数的研究着重于从静态的角度来分析、研究教材，将重点放在教材本身，通过研究课文或者知识点来谈教材本身的质量高低，这忽略了另一个重要的影响教材适应性的角度——动态的角度，即教师、学生、课堂的角度。因此，笔者将着重从动态的角度来进行教材适应性的研究，走进田野（地点为海南省白沙黎族自治县的元门小学及白沙一小）进行为期一个月的调查。笔者主要采用问卷、访谈、听课等方法，搜集到了大量的第一手数据及资料。论文的第一部分是整个研究的导论，介绍了研究的背景、提出的问题，定义了适应性及教材适应性的含义，综述了教材评价的相关研究概况，介绍了多元文化教育理论，探讨了乡土教材开发与提高教材适应性二者的关系，概述了调查对象及本研究文献法、田野调查法、定量定性分析法的研究方法。第二部主要是对调查地点的人口、民族、地理位置等方面做了较为详细的介绍。第三第四部分是本研究的重点部分。第三部分运用SPSS软件对搜集到的第一手数据做了统计分析，对统计结果进行概括，并从语文教育的规律、目标、特征等方面，探讨了当地师生对于人教版语文教材的适应情况。笔者认为，从小学语文教学的基本目标来看，该校师生体现了较好的适应；然而，从更高的阅读体验、情感熏陶、品性塑造及生命层次的方面，就显得较为不适应，还对该校师生对课程标准的适应性做了一个分析。第四部分根据得出的结论，笔者提出了乡土教材开发及实施过程中应注意的几项问题，在开发中最重要的是材料的选择依据及视角，在实施中最重要的是正确理解及处理好乡土教材及国家教材（语文教材）的关系——尊重、平等，兼及论述了“本土化”的教学方法。除此之外，笔者还针对调查中发现的问题给出了相关建议，以期为民族地区的语文教学及语文教育发展提供一条可选的路，并希望能够引起更多人对黎族语文教育的关注，甚至是对整个民族地区语文教育的思考。

With the popularity of western multicultural education in China ,since 1986, our country gradually open the primary education textbooks compiling policies, from the building of a network into a more than a gang ,to the advocacy of curriculum resources development and utilization, they adapted to the State of China. She has a vast territory with a sparse population and different cultural and customs. So it’s a great improvement.As "a more than a gang " teaching idea advocated, we have appeared on all kinds of textbook. And teaching material evaluation theory also got more and more attention and research. The educational circles concerned about the adaptability of national teaching material in all local schools than before, and evaluate it by various indicators or dimensions .Andnow, this has become the inevitable trend. Most of the research focuses on the research from the perspective of the static analysis the teaching material. They emphasis on the teaching material itself and they talk about the quality of the teaching material by studying the text or knowledge. But it ignores the point of view of dynamic — teachers, students and the classrooms. Therefore, the author will be mainly carried out from the dynamic view to research the teaching adaptability. And I went into the fields (yuan primary school and the Number 1 primary school in Baisha of Hainan province) to the investigation by a month. The author collected a large number of first-hand data and information by questionnaire, interview and listening to the teacher.The first part of the paper is the introduction of the research. It introduces the background, questions, the meaning of adaptability and materials adaptability. And it summarizes the related researches of teaching evaluation, the theory of multicultural education, discusses the relationship between the local teaching material and improving adaptability of the teaching material. Besides, it summarizes the research objects and the literature method, fieldwork method, qualitative analysis and quantitative research methods. The second part mainly introduces the population, ethnic, geographic location and economic development of Baisha.The third part and the forth part are the key part of this study. The third part analyze the first-hand data by the SPSS software and summary it. And discuss the adaptability to the Chinese textbook. The author thinks that, the teachers and students better adapt to Chinese teaching from the perspective of the basic goals in the school. However, they don’t adapt to it from a higher reading experience, emotional edification and so on.The fourth part suggests that develop and implement the local teaching material according to the conclusion. The author points out a few problems that should be paid attention to in the local teaching material developing and implementing.The choice of material basis and the view is the most important of the development. It’s the important that understanding and dealing with the relationship between the correct local teaching material and the national teaching material (the language teaching material) of the implementation.In addition, the author also presented some suggestions in view of the problems that found during the survey, so as to provide an optional road in language teaching and language education development in the national regions, and hope to be able to cause more people to focus on Li education, even the whole Chinese education in national regions.