近年来，北京城市化水平大幅度提升，建设用地不断向外延伸，土地利用 类型变化显著。本文利用 ArcGIS 和 Fragstats 软件等工具，通过空间分析、 相关分析等方法，应用景观格局指数、土地利用转移矩阵并结合经济社会和自 然驱动因子，揭示北京市从 1990 年以来土地利用变化的幅度、速度和方向， 进而分析北京市土地利用变化的影响因子。结果表明：（1）北京市景观类型的 空间变化明显。在近 30 年间，北京市耕地面积大量减少，共计 2134.06km2， 建设用地面积增加最多，30 年内面积增长 135.13%。（2）北京市 1990-2020 年 斑块数量和密度呈下降趋势。2005 年后分离度指数呈现下降趋势，1990-2020 年北京市聚合度指数和香农多样性指数呈现先上升后下降的趋势，原有景观 的完整性受到建设工程破坏。（3）制定科学统一的城市发展规划，构建合理的 城市功能布局和产业结构，对北京市政治、经济、生态等发展都具有促进意义。

In recent years, the urbanization level of Beijing has been greatly improved, the construction land has been continuously extended, and the land use types have changed significantly. By using ArcGIS and FRAGSTATS software, spatial analysis, correlation analysis, landscape pattern index, land use transfer matrix and economic, social and natural driving factors, this paper reveals the extent, speed and direction of land use change in Beijing since 1990, and then analyzes the driving forces of land use change in Beijing. The results show that: (1) the spatial change of landscape types in Beijing is obvious. In the past 30 years, the cultivated land area in Beijing has decreased greatly, totaling 2134.06km2.The area of construction land increased by 135.13% in 30 years.(2) The number and density of patches in Beijing showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2020. From 1990 to 2020, the aggregation index and Shannon diversity index of Beijing showed a trend of first rising and then declining. The integrity of the original landscape was damaged by construction projects.(3) Making a scientific and unified urban development plan and constructing a reasonable urban functional layout and industrial structure are of great significance to the political, economic and ecological development of Beijing.