阿Q是现代文学史上经久不衰的精神典型。本文拟以阿Q生命中的“革命大事”为切入点，从自我与本能辩证的角度，探寻其此中展露出的精神特质。二元对立的精神机制使得阿Q的性格与行为时常充满矛盾。但在革命过程中，随着阿Q态度的转变、幻想的展开和行为的实施，以前后三次出现的“钢鞭”象征为线索，其革命的实质渐趋清晰。由此，阿Q的自我与本能也展现出了内在的一致性，同时实现了对旧秩序的确证与对本能欲望的满足。而在通过革命获得了象征权力的“钢鞭”后，阿Q此前备受压迫的不平转化成为行使权力的暴力与残忍，构成了连接自我与本能的桥梁。

Ah Q is an enduring spiritual archetype in the history of modern literature. This paper intends to take the "revolutionary events" in Ah Q's life as the entry point and explore the spiritual qualities revealed in this from the perspective of the dialectic of ego and instinct. The spiritual mechanism of dichotomy makes Ah Q's character and behavior often full of contradictions. However, in the course of the revolution, as Ah Q's attitude changes, his fantasies unfold and his actions are carried out, the essence of his revolution becomes clearer as the "steel whip" symbol appears three times before and after. As a result, Ah Q's ego and instincts show their inner consistency, and at the same time, he achieves the confirmation of the old order and the satisfaction of his instinctive desires. After acquiring the "steel whip" symbolizing power through the revolution, Ah Q's previously oppressed injustice is transformed into the violence and cruelty of exercising power, forming a bridge between ego and instinct.