新课程改革强调培养学生的学科核心素养，全新的课程标准也对高中地理的实验教学提出了新要求，因此对于高中地理的实验教学研究有重要的实践指导意义。中学地理更加注重在现实情境背景下的能力考查，时代的进步，中学生可以足不出户就可以获取大量的地理知识，但是却更少的实地探索感知，因此2018年1月16日教育部颁布《普通高中地理课程标准 （2017年版）》，提出要培养学生必备的地理核心素养，地理核心素养包含人地协调观、区域认知、综合思维、地理实践力四方面。提出要提高高中阶段学生的地理实践力，而地理实验就是地理教学中落实地理实践力的重要教学方式之一。

本文采用文献研究法、案例研究法，对于如何通过设计和实施地理实验来提高学生的地理实践力进行探讨。

本文的研究结论为：

（一）在新课改的背景下，地理实践能力的要求提高，因此高中地理教材要更多强调地理实验的重要性，应在教材设置更多地理实验的相关板块。

（二）要加强教师的理论和实践培训，学生是学习的主体，教师是学生学习的引导者，但现实情况是很多老师自己的实践能力较弱，更别说带领学生去做实验了。

（三）教师要能够利用身边的简易器材或者在校园里面发现地理问题，可以带领学生们进行地理调查，并思考发现的地理问题，最后提出合理化的建议；让“生活化的地理”发挥重要的作用。

（四）高考命题主要是以现实情境为背景考察，而往往很多学生没有机会接触真实的情境，此时地理实验就是一个非常好的方式，提高学生的感知能力；纵观近些年的高考，高考题对于地理实验方面的题型也有考查。

（五）教师要做一个有心人，收集地理实验资源，建立基于提高学生地理实践力的地理实验资源库，对于不方便具体操作的实验，要积极学习，可以利用地理信息技术模拟实验，实现资源的数字化或者建立本校的地理实验资源库。

本文主要是基于高中地理实验的设计与实施的研究成果，结合本土特色，对提高地理实践力的地理实验设计提出设计与实施策略，分为六部分：

第一部分，绪论。收集国内外有关地理实验的文献，对资料进行研读和分析，辨析研究概念，以这些研究成果作为基础和研究背景，发现问题，寻找研究的突破口，进而探究研究的现实意义、研究方法与思路。

第二部分，国内外研究综述。国内外对地理实验的设计与实施研究都有非常丰富的成果，地理实践力是培养地理学科核心素养非常重要的一部分内容，国内外对于地理实践力的研究也是前沿热点，通过扎实的文献综述过程，对自己的研究有更深入的思考。

第三部分，对高中地理实验结果进行研究，主要阐述地理实验的内容组成、特点及对高中地理实验进行详细的分类。

第四部分，基于地理实践力的提高，按照实验分类标准，进行实际的实验设计与实施，结合本学校的特点，进行本土化的实验方案设计和实际操作。同时，针对提高中学生的地理实践力的背景，对于高中地理实验设计与实施提出优化实验设计与实施的策略。

第五部分，结论与展望。

The new curriculum reform emphasizes the cultivation of students' subject core literacy, and the new curriculum standard also puts forward new requirements for the experimental teaching of high school geography, so it has important practical significance for the experimental teaching research of high school geography. Middle school geography pays more attention to the ability examination under the background of real situation. With the progress of the times, middle school students can acquire a lot of geographical knowledge without leaving home, but they have less on-the-spot exploration and perception. Therefore, on January 16, 2018, the Ministry of Education issued the geography curriculum standard for general high school (2017 Edition), it is proposed to cultivate students' necessary geographical core literacy, which includes four aspects: human land coordination, regional cognition, comprehensive thinking and geographical practice. It is proposed to improve the practical ability of high school students in geography, and geography experiment is one of the important teaching methods to implement the practical ability of Geography in geography teaching.

This paper discusses how to improve students' practical ability of geography by designing and implementing geography experiments by using literature research and case study.

The conclusion of this paper is as follows:

1. In the context of the new curriculum reform, the requirements of geographical practice ability are improved. Therefore, high school geography textbooks should pay more attention to the importance of geographical experiments, and should set more relevant sections of geographical experiments in the textbooks.

2. To strengthen the theoretical and practical training of teachers, students are the main body of learning, teachers are the guide of students' learning, but the reality is that many teachers have weak practical ability, let alone lead students to do experiments.

3. Teachers should be able to use the simple equipment around them or find geographical problems in the campus. They can lead the students to carry out geographical surveys, think about the geographical problems they find, and finally put forward reasonable suggestions to make "living geography" play an important role.

4. The proposition of college entrance examination is mainly based on the background of the real situation, and often many students do not have the opportunity to contact the real situation. At this time, geographical experiment is a very good way to improve the perception ability of students; throughout the recent college entrance examination, the college entrance examination questions also have the examination for the geographical experiment.

5. The teacher should be a thoughtful person, collect the resources of geography experiment, establish the resource base of geography experiment based on improving the students' geography practice. For the experiment that is not convenient for specific operation, he should actively study. He can use the geographic information technology to simulate the experiment, realize the digitization of resources or establish the resource base of geography experiment in our school.

Based on the research results of the design and implementation of high school geography experiment, combined with the local characteristics, this paper puts forward the design and implementation strategies for improving the geographical practice of geography experiment design, which is divided into six parts:

Section I: Introduction. Collect the domestic and foreign literature about geographical experiments, study and analyze the data, discriminate research concepts, take these research results as the basis and research background, find problems, find the breakthrough of research, and then explore the practical significance, research methods and ideas of research.

Section II: The summary of the research at home and abroad. At home and abroad, there are very rich achievements in the design and implementation of geographical experiments. Geographical practice is a very important part of the cultivation of the core quality of geographical disciplines. The research on Geographical Practice at home and abroad is also a hot spot at the forefront. Through a solid literature review process, we have a more in-depth thinking on our own research.

Section III: Studies the results of geography experiment in senior high school, mainly describes the content, characteristics and detailed classification of geography experiment in senior high school.

Section IV: Based on the improvement of geographical practice, according to the experimental classification standards, carries out the actual experimental design and implementation, combined with the characteristics of the school, carries out the localization of experimental scheme design and practical operation. At the same time, in view of the background of improving the geographical practice of middle school students, this paper puts forward the strategy of optimizing the design and implementation of geographical experiment in high school.

Section V: Conclusions and prospects.