高中化学学科核心素养包括“宏观辨识与微观探析”等五大素养，它不仅是学生核心素养的重要组成之一，也体现了高中生的综合素质。 数字化实验通过数字传输方式，对实验过程及结果具有及时性、精确性等特点，对粒子的微观行为的宏观结果具有可视化的效果。本研究聚焦“水溶液中的离子平衡”，开展教学实践，旨在探索数字化实验在培养学生的化学学科核心素养，尤其在“宏观辨识与微观探析”素养方面的作用。 本研究在文献研究的基础上，选取实验班和对照班，设计并实施了教学实践，研究表明：数字化实验对提高高中生宏观辨识与微观探析素养有着积极的作用，具体表现在：学生通过对实验数据和图像进行分析，以及在自主设计并实施实验方案的过程，能够从微观角度对宏观现象（实验数据和图像）进行定性、定量的描述以及分析解释，能够从微观角度对宏观现象（实验数据和图像）进行理论预测，能够设计出基于数字化实验手段的实验方案，用来探究微观粒子的存在或其之间的相互作用，实现实验方案和实验手段的创新。

The chemistry competency includes “macroscopic identification and microcosmic analysis”. It’s an important part of students’ key competency. It’s the concrete embodiment of the comprehensive quality of high school students. The digital experiment has the characteristics of timeliness and accuracy to the experiment process and results through the digital transmission method. The macroscopic results of the microscopic behavior of particles have a visual effect. This study focuses on "ionic reaction and equilibrium in aqueous solution" and carries out teaching practice. It aims to explore the role of digital experiments in cultivating students' core literacy in chemistry, especially in "macro identification and microscopic exploration" literacy. On the basis of literature research, this study designed and implemented teaching practice by selecting experimental and control classes. Research shows that digital experiment plays a positive role in improving the quality of high school students' macroscopical identification and microscopic analysis. In particular, through the analysis of experimental data and images, and the process of independently designing and implementing experimental programs, students can not only qualitatively explain macroscopic phenomena from the types of particles and the interactions between particles. And it can pay attention to the difference between the number of particles from the perspective of quantitative calculation, effectively breaking through the students 'cognitive impairment.