民间信仰研究的发轫，本是研究是否存在着一个中国宗教的问题，但是在有着悠久文化传统和完善的政治经济制度的传统中国，民间信仰研究的旨趣变成了探讨国家和社会的关系。本文以一直未曾脱离过帝国控制的濬县为研究对象，通过探讨明清以来民间信仰的发展脉络与地方社会的关系问题，来解这样一个战乱频仍的社会的发展机制。濬县民间信仰发展脉络与地方社会的关系，显示了国家与基层社会如何借助于民间信仰实现博弈和互动。民间信仰在濬县的发展过程，反映的是濬县地方社会的变迁机制和基层社会的结构模式。

The original objective of folk religious study is to explore whether there is a Chinese Religion or not. But for a civilization with a profound culture and sophisticated political and economic systems, like China, the task becomes to study the relation between state and society. We here take the case of folk religious in Xun Xian that always is controlled by the state, to study the relationship between folk religious and local society, in an effort to understand the development mechanism of the society always disturbed by the war.The relationship between folk religious and local society reflects that folk religious as a tool help the grass-root society and the state keep in touch with each other. The process of folk religious in XunXian illustrates well the special change mechanism and structural pattern of this society.