科举制度是一种以考试为核心的选士制度，创始于隋、兴盛于唐宋，历经元、明，废止于清末，在中国历史上延续了一千三百年。在这段漫长的历史时期，科举制度对我国传统的政治、经济、学术、文化以及社会风俗等社会生活的方方面面，都产生了极其深远的影响。事物的本质特征决定其功能。科举制度就其本质而言，是一个选拔封建官员的政治制度。因此，科举制度的这一本质特征决定了它的功能：一则意在加强中央集权，一则旨在推行社会教化。科举制度的教化作用无处不在，科举考试的内容、科举考试场所的布置，甚至科举考试过程中的行文规矩都无不体现了统治阶级希冀人们遵守的社会规范和道德。状元是科举制度中最为特殊的一个群体，终有清二百多年的历史时间，才产生了114名状元。这一群体因为数量的稀少、地位的特殊而赢得了世人的青睐，因此状元在社会教化方面的代表性更为突出。本文即试图以清代状元作为考察线索，来探讨清代统治阶级是如何利用科举时代的状元将封建社会的思想观念和价值观念辐射给普通民众，从而使整个社会的成员形成一致遵循的价值取向和共同追求的目标的。本论文主要分为三个组成部分：绪论、正文和结论。正文部分包括第一章到第四章的内容，主要从殿试考试、状元传胪、状元授官以及状元身后的神话传说等四个方面阐释了状元与社会教化的关系问题。具体内容如下：第一章以乾隆五十五年（1790）庚戌科状元石韫玉为典型个案，描写了一个普通士子如何一步步通过科举制度的层层选拔得中状元的，并分析了这一系列考试过程的教化作用；第二章主要采用了史料分析法，通过整理分析文献史料，再现了中国封建社会殿试传胪的具体场景，以及传胪后清政府运用一系列仪式对于状元身份、地位的进一步塑造和认证。并在这些原始史料的基础上，分析了这一系列的塑造仪式过程中所彰显的教化意义；第三章主要考察了清代的基层社会教化专职官员学政，并以此为基础抽出了道光二十一年（1841）辛丑科状元龙启瑞作为个案进行分析，考察了清代状元学政与社会教化之间的关系；第四章主要通过收集整理碑传集和清代笔记史料中流传甚广、影响甚大的各种状元神话和传说，使用分类的方法，将原始史料按照若干个社会教化主题进行归类，并分门别类地来挖掘这些材料中的社会教化因素。社会教化虽然是封建社会统治阶级统治人民的主要手段和策略，但是它的价值和意义在当今社会依旧存在。目前，中国的法律和法规尚不健全，所以在以法治国的同时，我们还需要以德治国，而以德治国的历史依据便是社会教化。“德刑相辅”才能促进社会的稳步发展，才能建设更加和谐的社会。因此，努力挖掘科举制度中社会教化的因素，为当代社会政治的发展做一个参考。

Since Imperial Examination (IE) System came into being in Sui and Tang Dynasty, it had been lasting for nearly 1300 years in Chinese history. It had a profound impact on Chinese political affairs, economic activity, academic activities, culture and social customs. The substitutive characteristics of everything decide its function. The Imperial Examination in itself was an electoral system, which had selected lots of government men for feudal society in lengthy history. So the substantive characteristics decided its functions: the first was to strengthen centralization of authority, and the second was to carry out social moralization. The social moralization function of Imperial Examination system had pervaded everywhere and nowhere in feudal society, such as the form and content of examination, arrangement and decoration of the examination hall or room, the rules and formula of the examination and so on. These prescriptions had embodied governing class’ social regulations and morals to be expected to comply with. Zhuangyuan, who was number one scholar in an examination, comprised a special group in feudal society. During the whole Qing Dynasty, the Imperial Examination had only given birth to 114 Zhuangyuan. Because of the rare amount and preeminent talent, Zhuangyuan had been winning the world’s favor. Therefore, the paper selected zhuangyuan as object of study in order to open out how Qing Dynast breathe governmental idea and value into common people in imperial examination era. The paper falls into three parts. The first part is introduction, which puts forward the issue, regulates the research range and tasks, summarize the predecessor’s research results and existing problems. The last part is the conclusion, discussing the status of Zhuangyuan in Late Qing China. The second part is the essential or central part of this passage. It mainly covers four chapters, which describe palace examination, announcement of results，award official position and a lot of myths about Zhuangyuan to illustrate the relationship between Imperial Examination and social moralization. The specific contents of these chapters are that:The first chapter describes Shi Yunyu number one winner’s history experience how to get through the Imperial Examination, and analyzes the moralization functions of a series of examine processes; The second chapter mainly concludes the historical materials about announcement of results in the palace examination. And on the basis of these materials, the part has interpreted and explained the moral meanings of the ceremony;The third one primarily studies XueZheng, the provincial education commissioners who had been professionally in charge of regional education. The chapter selects Long Qirui number one scholar from among as a case study, and reviews the relationships between Zhuangyuan who had act as XueZheng and social moralization during Qing dynasty;The last one collects many various widespread and far-reaching myths and legends about Zhuangyuan in unofficial history. Then classify these stories into different themes, and dig the factors of moralization from the stories.Although social moralization was an important instrument and strategy in feudal society, its value and meaning had been still lasting till today. Now Chinese laws and regulations had not been perfect, so we need to run the country by combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue. The rule of virtue had been based on social moralization in history. Therefore we study the question about moralization in the Imperial Examination, and serve the development of the modern society.