本文以“双减”后国家对科学教育的大力推动为背景，针对中小学科学教 育中天文教师、天文教材与课程缺乏的现状，研发一套适合小学使用的天文教材与课程。该课程以提升学生科学素养为目标，通过课堂讨论、探索实践、总结归纳等多种方式，引导学生以科学思维去发现并解决问题，同时培养学生动手实验、课堂表达等多方面能力。课程中以学生自主探究为主体，大大减少了对开课教师的要求，有利于大范围推动天文教育的开展。

文中首先介绍了针对我国小学天文课程开展现状的调研情况，发现“我国 目前义务教育阶段还缺乏一套体系完整的权威天文课程教材”。

第二部分介绍了小学天文教材与课程设计的总体纲要，同时展示了挑选出来的知识点草拟目录，重点讲述了在知识重构型理念下进行的活页式天文教材开发模式，附带有已经完成的 16 课时活页式教材内容。

第三部分重点介绍了已经完成的整章节活页式教材开发样例、活页式教材分模块化设计思路、典型教具设计展示、教师用书样例等成果；并将其应用于小学课堂中，实际开展了相应的天文教学，在实践中总结经验、发现问题， 反馈于教材与课程的研发之中。

最后论述了本研究对天文教育的重大意义，展示了已经完成的成果，“初步具备了完成小学一学期每周一节（16 课时）天文课程教学任务的能力。”同时对天文教育领域的未来发展提出了几点展望。

Under the background of the national vigorous promotion of science education after the "double reduction", this paper develops a set of astronomy textbooks and courses suitable for primary schools in view of the shortage of astronomy teachers, astronomy textbooks and courses in primary and secondary school science education. This course aims to improve students' scientific literacy. Through classroom discussion, exploration and practice, summary and other ways, it guides students to find and solve problems with scientific thinking. At the same time, it cultivates students' abilities in many aspects, such as hands-on experiments and classroom expression. The main body of the course is students' independent inquiry, which greatly reduces the requirements for teachers, and is conducive to promoting the development of astronomy education in a wide range.

The paper firstly introduces the investigation of astronomy course in primary schools and finds that "there is still a complete set of authoritative astronomy course textbooks in the current stage of compulsory education".

The second part introduces the general outline of astronomy teaching materials and curriculum design for primary schools, and shows the draft catalogue of selected knowledge points. It focuses on the development model of loose-leaf astronomy teaching materials under the concept of knowledge reconfiguration, with the content of loose-leaf teaching materials that have been completed for 16 hours.

The third part focuses on the completed development examples of the whole chapter of loose-leaf textbook, the modular design ideas of loose-leaf textbook, the design and display of typical teaching AIDS, the sample of teachers' books and so on. And applied it in primary school classrooms, actually carried out corresponding astronomy teaching, summed up experience and found problems in practice, and fed back into the research and development of textbooks and courses.

Finally, it discusses the great significance of this research to astronomy education, and shows the achievements that have been completed. "I have preliminarily acquired the ability to complete the astronomy teaching task of one semester per week (16 class hours) in primary school." At the same time, some prospects for the future development of astronomy education are put forward.