伴随着经济社会的日益发展，环境污染问题也备受关注。尤其是与人们的生活紧密相关的辐射环境与水环境更是引起社会高度重视。如何准确的识别辐射环境和水环境特征，对于环境保护和管理具有重要的现实意义。航空伽玛能谱技术以其安全、高效、快速、覆盖面积大等特点，在区域辐射环境靶区的圈定上具有明显的优势。航空电磁技术在水环境，尤其是针对探测深度100m以内的区域水环境调查方面也有独特的优势。基于航空伽玛能谱与航空电磁技术分别在辐射环境与水环境的特征识别是对环境特征认识一个新兴的领域。 本文基于航空伽玛能谱测量系统和航空电磁测量系统收录的数据，结合航遥中心的Geo Probe软件及Geosoft公司的OASISMontaj软件，将实测数据经过一系列的校正、换算、调平等处理分别获取放射性核素含量和电磁ppm值，根据所得的数值高低变化圈定异常区域，结合圈定区域的地面资料对该区域辐射环境和水环境比对、分析。 1．采用航空伽玛能谱技术分析了天然辐射场的分布特征和辐射场的来源，对天然辐射进行了讨论，总结了局部区域的氡的分布情况，应用环境氡浓度与土壤中铀、钍含量的关系的关系式，对大气氡响应值进行研究。此外，文中讨论了天然辐射控制的方法和技术，并且对华南某地区的辐射水平进行了讨论。 针对研究区共圈定放射性高本底分布区13片，不均匀分布在经济发达的城市，经济相对落后的城镇，及部分花岗岩地区、火山岩地区；发现个别地区放射性核素高度富集；探讨了由地质因素引起的氡浓度的分布趋势，初步预测高氡浓度的分布地区；查明了天然辐射场的分布规律，辐射场的放射性总水平，查明了产生本底辐射的物质来源。 2．采用航空电磁技术对水环境进行分析，找出航空电磁对不同物质的响应特征，并根据电磁响应的特征对水资源环境现状进行了讨论，并最终对研究区进行浅层水的咸淡水划分、水体矿化度判断以及海侵范围的圈定。

With the increasingly development of economic society, the environment pollution problems also in focus. Especially the radiation environment and the water environment which closely related to people's lives make more attention of the society. How to accurately identify radiation environment and characteristics of water environment, has important practical significance for environmental protection and management. Airborne gamma-ray spectrometric technology with its safe、efficient、fast、large covering features,has obvious advantages on the target of regional radiation environment selects. AEM (airborne electromagnetic method) technology in water environment, especially for detecting depth within 100 m of water environment survey also has a unique advantage. Based on aero gamma-ray spectrometric and AEM technology in radiation environment and identify the characteristics of environment is an emerging field. In this paper the data was collected based on airborne gamma-ray spectrometry survey system and airborne electromagnetic survey system, combined with independently developed Geoprobe software and OASIS Montaj software by Geosoft company, the radionuclide content and electromagnetic ppm value were derived from the measured data respectively through a series of correction, conversion and levelling. According to the obtained numerical variation to determine the anomaly area, and the surface data of the determined area was treated for reference. comparison and analysis. 1. The airborne gamma-ray spectrometry was used to evaluate the natural radiation environment, in this paper, the distribution characteristics and the source of natural radiation field were analyzed, by discussing the natural radiation, the local area distribution of radon was summarized, and the corresponding theoretical model was established, thus to determine the relationship between environmental radon concentrations and the content of uranium and thorium in soil. In addition, the methods and techniques of natural radiation control were discussed, and the radiation level in Zhuhai area of Shenzhen was evaluated. The evaluation and study of the radiation level in a region of Southern China were carried out, the main achievements are as follows: The distribution characteristics of natural radiation field was discussed, by using the airborne gamma-ray spectrometry survey to determine 13 areas with high radioactive background, and their characteristics of distribution were discussed; For the area of high radon concentration, the source of radon was analyzed, and the relationship between the radon and soil radionuclide content was established; The distribution level of the radiation field was analyzed, and the reasons which influenced the radiation field distribution were found out. 2 The airborne electromagnetic survey was used to analyze the water environment, and the corresponding characteristics of different materials were found out. The surface water resources were assessed according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic response. The airborne electromagnetic technology achieves the goals such as the brackish water and fresh water classification, water salinity analysis, transgression determination.