本雅明的历史哲学思想集中体现在《历史哲学论纲》之中，以其鲜明的神学语言及范畴而著称。但其思想实质并不受神学化语言风格的遮蔽，仍然秉承历史唯物主义立场。在神学化语言的表征与唯物史观的实质之间，历来产生诸多疑问与解答。梳理本雅明的个人思想史，从其著作中串引起哲学语言神学化的发展脉络与马克思主义思想的生发理路，进而厘清这一表征与实质之间的关系与距离。本雅明以神学化语言和神学范畴阐发历史唯物主义思想，基于对哲学语言表达功能的追求，形成其历史哲学独特的神学张力。在社会民主党的庸俗马克思主义面前，本雅明针锋相对地表达了历史唯物主义的本质要求、呼唤无产阶级革命的历史救赎，试图以神学救赎的喻指与现实革命的实践形成合力、共同对抗历史灾难。

Benjamin's historical philosophy is concentrated in the On the Concept of History（Ueber den Bergriff der Geschichte）and is known for its distinct theological language and categories. But the essence of his thought is not covered by the theological language style, and he still adheres to the position of historical materialism. There have always been many questions and answers between the representation of theological language and the essence of historical materialism. Sort out Benjamin's personal history of thought, string the development thread that led to the theologization of philosophical language and the origin of Marxist thought from his works, and then clarify the relationship and distance between this representation and essence. Benjamin expounded historical materialism with theological language and theological category, and formed his unique theological tension of historical philosophy based on the pursuit of the expression function of philosophical language. In front of the vulgar Marxism of the Social Democratic Party, Benjamin pointedly expressed the essential requirements of historical materialism, called for the historical salvation of the proletarian revolution, and tried to use the metaphor of theological salvation and the practice of real revolution to form a joint force and jointly fight against historical disasters.