在我国人口老龄化形式严峻，人口性别结构处于男多女少失衡状态的背景下，基于性别视角分析子代教育对父代健康的影响，是一个有价值的理论和现实问题，不仅能扩充当前研究视角，还能为如何充分发挥家庭养老的作用，推动实现健康老龄化提供实证参考。
本文使用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2018年全国追踪调查数据，研究了子代教育对父代健康的影响是否存在性别异质性及其作用机制。与现有研究相比，本论文的特色体现为：第一，研究视角方面，从子代性别与父代性别视角出发，为子代教育对父代健康的影响研究提供了新的角度；第二，研究方法方面，在对于子代分性别视角的研究中，选取家庭中头胎的子代样本与父代样本进行匹配，合理规避已有研究中未曾考虑的性别选择问题，更有效地缓解了内生性问题可能导致的估计偏误；第三，机制分析方面，本文从经济支持、情感慰藉、日常照料、健康行为四个方面探索了分性别视角下子代教育影响父代健康的可能机制，对影响机制的分析更为全面。
研究发现：首先，子女教育对父母健康具有显著的正向影响。其次，从子代性别视角出发，女儿教育对父代健康的改善作用更大，而且，女儿教育通过经济支持、情感慰藉、日常照料、健康行为等多个渠道影响父代健康，但是儿子教育影响父代健康的机制尚需进一步探究。最后，从父代性别视角出发，子代教育对母亲健康的影响更大，并且子代教育改善父亲或母亲健康的机制不存在明显的不同，均为主要通过增加经济支持和改变健康行为来产生影响。
为此，本文提出以下政策建议：首先，政府应坚持教育优先发展的战略，并加大对贫困地区、贫困家庭与健康弱势家庭的教育政策倾斜。其次，家庭要形成正确的教育观念，平等对待儿子和女儿的教育问题；并积极引导和支持女儿养老，使得儿子和女儿都能充分发挥其不同优势。再次，政府应出台针对中老年男性群体的健康政策，更加关注中老年男性健康问题。最后，应大力弘扬孝道文化与敬老爱老的传统美德，通过完善赡养老人个人所得税退税等政策以更好地发挥家庭养老的作用。

Under the background of severe population aging and gender imbalance, it is a valuable theoretical and practical problem to analyze the influence of children’s education on the parental health based on gender perspective. It can not only expand the current research perspective, but also provide empirical reference for how to play the role of family pension and promote the realization of healthy aging.
Using the data of CHARLS2018, this paper investigates whether there is gender heterogeneity in the influence of children’s education on paternal health and its mechanism. Compared with the existing research, we make the following innovations: Firstly, from the perspective of the gender of the children’s and the gender of the parent, this paper will provide a new perspective for the study of the impact of the children’s education on the parental health. Secondly, in terms of research methods, from the perspective of gender of offspring, this paper uses the first child in the family matching the parent sample, so as to reasonably avoid the gender selection problem that has not been considered in the existing research, and more effectively alleviate the estimation bias that may be caused by the endogeneity problem. Thirdly, from the aspect of mechanism analysis, in order to make the analysis of the influence mechanism more comprehensive, this paper explores the possible mechanism of the influence of children’s education on the parental health from the perspective of economic support, emotional comfort, daily care and health behavior.
This paper draws the following conclusions. Firstly, children’s education has a significant positive effect on parental health. Secondly, from the perspective of the gender of the offspring, the daughter’s education has a greater effect on the improvement of the parental health. And daughter’s education affects parental health through economic support, emotional comfort, daily care and health behavior, but the mechanism of son education affecting paternal health needs to be further explored. Finally, from the perspective of the gender of the parent, the influence of the children’s education on the mother's health is greater, and the mechanism of the children’s education to improve the father's or mother's health is not significantly different, mainly through increased economic support and changes in health behavior.
Therefore, this paper proposes the following policy recommendations: Firstly, the government should adhere to the strategy of giving priority to education development, and give more preference to the education policies of poor areas, poor families and healthy and vulnerable families. Secondly, families should form correct educational concepts and treat the education of son and daughter equally. And actively guide and support the daughter pension, so that the son and daughter can give full play to their different advantages. Thirdly, the government should introduce health policies for middle-aged and elderly men and pay more attention to the health problems of middle-aged and elderly men. Finally, we should vigorously carry forward the culture of filial piety and the traditional virtues of respecting and caring for the elderly, and improve the policies of personal income tax rebate for supporting the elderly to better play the role of family care for the elderly.