本文通过综述和整合心理学、认知科学、科学哲学和逻辑学对思维方法、儿童思维发展、科学思维方法和科学本质的最新研究成果，提出新的框架结构描述青少年科学思维的结构和发展。希望本文建立的框架结构能够对揭示青少年科学思维发展规律有所帮助，希望能够借助本框架合理安排青少年科学教育内容，促进青少年科学思维的发展。

Based on the most recent surveys about the thinking methods, the development of child thinking, the scientific thinking and the essence of science in psychology, congnitive science, philosophy of science and logic, this article puts forward a completely new frame to describe the structure and the development of teens` scientific thinking. It will be such a pleasure that the opinion in this article can be helpful to revel the law of teens` scitific thinking. It will be even greater if this frame can be helpful in choosing proper materials to teach teens science, so that to promote the development of teens` scientific thinking.