自 2010 年中国-东盟自由贸易区设立以来，中国与东盟之间的贸易额高速增长，农产 品被列为双方经贸合作的五大项目之一，中国从东盟进口水果的贸易额占中国对外进口水 果贸易额的 44.58%，可以看出水果是双边贸易的重中之重。2015 年，“一带一路”倡议 的提出使得周边国家的基础设施建设逐渐趋于完善，高效的路网工程为新鲜水果的贸易打 下强有力的基础。面临 2019 年末新冠疫情爆发，各行各业都造成了冲击，这是一种挑战 也是一次机遇。新冠疫情为亚洲已爆发增长的零售业务增添了更多动力，亚洲估计有 1.85 亿个家庭首次通过电商平台购买水果。但由于水果运输的特殊性，东盟国家的贸易便利化 参差不齐，导致进口量萎缩，水果贸易面临新挑战，因此水果贸易的研究有着现实必要性。 本文基于 2011～2019 年中国与东盟九个国家的进口水果贸易情况，构建贸易便利化 水平评价体系，选取了四个一级指标和十六个二级指标，通过 SPSS16.0 软件运用主成分分 析法来测算贸易便利化水平，最后得出了十个国家近十年来的贸易便利化水平。其次，基 于“比较优势理论”、“交易成本理论”及“信息不对称理论”扩大双边贸易的假设，运 用时间和地区双固定效应模型进行样本检验，并根据回归系数深入测算分析，探究贸易便 利化对中国进口东盟水果贸易的影响。 通过实证分析，得出以下结论：第一，东盟各国的贸易便利化程度虽有高低之别，但 均呈上升趋势，其中新加坡由于发展全面，贸易便利化分数最高，中国、马来西亚等国总 体上是中等的便利水准；老挝、菲律宾和柬埔寨则比较落后，属于贸易便利低国家。第二， 中国和东盟各国的经济规模、贸易便利化程度对水果进口贸易有着正向影响，双边距离有 着负向影响。第三，贸易便利化变量中一级指标——电子商务与金融环境对水果进口贸易 额影响最大。 最后，为了促进双边国家的水果贸易稳定发展，提出以下几点建议。第一，中国与东 盟贸易国应进一步推进贸易规则发展，加强双边协作。第二，打造数字生活，降低金融商 业风险。第三，便利运输口岸，完善水果产业链等。第四。提高水果竞争力，从而进一步 提高中国与东盟的贸易便利化水平，促进我国与东盟国家水果贸易的良性与持续发展。

Since the establishment of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area in 2010, the trade volume between China and ASEAN has grown rapidly, and agricultural products have been listed as one of the five major items of economic and trade cooperation between the two sides. The trade volume of China's fruit imports from ASEAN accounts for 44.58% of China's foreign fruit import trade volume, it can be seen that fruit is the top priority of bilateral trade. In 2015, the " the Belt and Road" initiative has gradually improved the infrastructure construction of neighboring countries, and the efficient road network project has laid a strong foundation for the trade of fresh fruits. In the face of the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic in late 2019, which has impacted all walks of life, this is a challenge and an opportunity. The Covid-19 pandemic has added more momentum to an already growing retail business in Asia, where an estimated 185 million households are buying fruit through e-commerce platforms for the first time. However, due to the particularity of fruit transportation, the trade facilitation of ASEAN countries is uneven, resulting in shrinking import volume and new challenges for fruit trade. Therefore, research on fruit trade has a practical necessity. Firstly, based on the imported fruit trade data between China and nine ASEAN countries from 2011 to 2019, this paper constructs a trade facilitation level evaluation system, selects four first-level indicators and sixteen second-level indicators, and uses principal component analysis through SPSS16.0. The method is used to measure the level of trade facilitation, then obtained the level of trade facilitation in ten countries in the past ten years. Secondly, based on the theoretical basis of "Comparative Advantage Theory", "Transaction Cost Theory" and "Information Asymmetry Theory", using the assumption of expanding bilateral trade, using the time and region double fixed effect model to conduct sample test, calculate the regression coefficient and analyze in depth, to explore the impact of trade facilitation on China's import of ASEAN fruit trade. Through empirical analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) Although the trade facilitation levels of ASEAN countries are different, they are all on the rise. Among them, Singapore has the highest trade facilitation score due to its comprehensive development. China,
Malaysia and other countries have the highest trade facilitation scores. The top is a moderate level of convenience; Laos, the Philippines and Cambodia are lagging behind, at the bottom. (2) The economic scale and trade facilitation degree of China and ASEAN countries have a positive impact on fruit import trade, and the bilateral distance has a negative impact. (3) The first-level indicator of trade facilitation variables—electronic and financial environment has the greatest impact on fruit import trade volume. Based on the research conclusions, in order to promote the stable development of fruit trade between bilateral countries, this paper puts forward the following suggestions. (1) China and ASEAN trading countries should further promote the development of trade rules and strengthen bilateral cooperation. (2) Create a digital ecosystem and reduce financial business risks. (3) Facilitate transportation ports, improve the fruit industry chain, etc (4) Improving the competitiveness of Chinese fruits, so as to further improve the level of trade facilitation between China and ASEAN, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of fruit trade between my country and ASEAN countries.