随着网络文化内容领域的快速发展，著作权的专属性如何与网络文化的共享性，传播性和跨地域性相适应已成亟待解决的冲突，特别在以二次创作为主的鬼畜视频领域尤为明显。鬼畜视频是指经过创作者的创作，使得不同来源的音画最后达到高度同步，以此带来喜感效果的一种恶搞视频。如今飞速增长的播放量证明鬼畜视频的巨大商业利益潜力,随之而来的法律风险问题也日益显著、不容忽视。由于视频创作完全脱胎于对他人影视或音乐作品的复制及加工，鬼畜视频天然伴生着对素材作品的侵权风险并且会因其所依赖的网络文化的跨地域性和传播性的特点进一步扩大化。鉴明鬼畜视频著作权相关的法律风险，保护其独创性，勾画合理使用标准的红线，构建具有可操作性的法律保证，对网络文化的自由性和著作权保护，以及诸如鬼畜视频领域的二次创作的可持续性发展和繁荣具有重要意义。

本文第一部分是对研究对象的整体概述，首先介绍了鬼畜视频的定义与特点。之后介绍了鬼畜视频在我国的发展过程，这个新生事物是如何发展起来的。其次，分析鬼畜视频流行的原因。最后，对鬼畜视频进行分类以便后续的讨论，由于现代社会的鬼畜视频己经多种多样，因此对其进行分类是十分有必要的。并且从滑稽模仿角度对鬼畜剧场类鬼畜视频进行分析，得出若鬼畜视频是从讽刺批评与解构原作品的角度创作，将使用原作品的量控制在必要的限度之内，并且未对原作消费市场造成消极影响，则可以从滑稽模仿角度免责的结论。

第二部分对鬼畜视频的作品属性进行分析，以确定对鬼畜视频提供法律上的保护符合著作权法的立法目的。著作权法保护的客体是作品，作品具有智力成果、外在表达和独创性这三个重要特点。鬼畜视频符合作品的这三个特点，且不在著作权法保护范围的排除领域，因此，鬼畜视频的创作者的成果，即鬼畜视频属于作品。之后从著作权法、价值冲突和时代发展等角度分析了鬼畜视频与原视频之间矛盾的成因，并详细分析了鬼畜视频可能涉及的著作权权利冲突问题。

第三部分通过对上文鬼畜视频创作性质以及国际社会的法律实践的分析，提出可以从合理使用免责方面来认定鬼畜视频创作的合理性。首先通过世界知识产权组织与美国合理使用制度的对比分析，确定美国的合理使用制度比较成熟和完善，值得我国借鉴。确立了一套兼顾公平与互联网著作权特色的合理使用评价标准，分类评判了鬼畜视频是否能从合理使用及滑稽模仿作品角度免责。得出在美国“四要素法”的评判标准下，鬼畜视频因其本身的营利性与再创作性的特点，其素材完全来源于在先作品，且创作者基本均具有营利目的，因而很难从合理使用角度免责。在之后提出关于规范鬼畜视频创作的建议。在制度上进一步完善著作权相关的管理与合理使用，增补规定判断因素。同时坚持持续要优化授权许可模式，规范二次创作创作者取得授权的途径与组织，此外，进一步合理分配权利义务，树立社会共治共识，利用新兴技术等方式也可以显著降低鬼畜视频相关的著作权法律风险。

With the rapid development of the field of online cultural content, how to adapt the exclusiveness of copyright to the sharing, dissemination and cross-regional nature of online culture has become a conflict that needs to be resolved urgently, especially in the field of guichu videos mainly based on secondary creation. Obviously. guichu videos refers to a kind of spoof video that is created by the creator to make the audio and video from different sources reach a high degree of synchronization, so as to bring a joyful effect. Today's rapidly growing playback volume proves the huge commercial interest potential of guichu videos, and the accompanying legal risks are also increasingly serious. Since the video creation materials must come from the copying and use of previous film and television works and music works, guichu videos are in the copyright. There are natural legal risks on the issue and will be further expanded due to the cross-regional and disseminated characteristics of the network culture in which it lives. Identify the legal risks related to the copyright of guichu videos, protect their originality, and draw a red line for fair use standards , Constructing an operable legal guarantee is of great significance to the freedom and copyright protection of network culture, as well as the sustainable development and prosperity of secondary creations in the field of guichu videos.

Part one of this article is overall overview of guichu videos. It mainly analyzes the creation of guichu videos is analyzed from three aspects: emergence and growing, concept and sort. At the beginning, it introduced the development process of guichu videos in our country and how this new thing developed. Secondly, analyze the reasons for the popularity of guichu videos. Finally, classify the guichu videos for subsequent discussion. There are many kinds of guichu videos in modern society, so it is extremely obliged to assort them. And from the perspective of parody, the guichu videos in the guichu theater is analyzed, and it is concluded that if the guichu videos is created from the perspective of satirical criticism and deconstruction of the original work, the amount of the original work will be controlled within the necessary limit, and the original work will not be consumed. Negative effects on the market can be concluded from the perspective of parody.

Part II analyzes the work attributes of guichu videos to determine that providing legal protection for guichu videos is in line with the legislative purpose of copyright law. The object protected by the Copyright Law is the work, which has three important characteristics: intellectual achievement, external expression and originality. guichu videos conforms to these three characteristics of the work, and not in the field excluded by copyright law. So, the result of the creator of guichu videos, that is, guichu videos belongs to the work. Afterwards, it analyzes the causes of the contradiction between the ghost video and the original video from the perspectives of copyright law, value conflict, and the development of the times.

The third part analyzes the nature of guichu videos creation and the legal practice of the international community, and puts forward that the rationality of guichu videos creation can be recognized from the two aspects of reasonable use exemption and parody comic works exemption. Firstly, through the comparative analysis of the fair use system between the World Intellectual Property Organization and the United States, it is determined that the fair use system in the United States is relatively mature and perfect, which is worthy of our reference. It establishes a set of fair use evaluation standards that take into account the characteristics of fairness and Internet copyright, and classifies and judges whether guichu videos can be exempted from liability from the perspective of fair use and parody works. It is concluded that under the evaluation standard of the "four elements method" in the United States, due to its own profit-making and the characteristics of combined materials, the materials of guichu videos are completely from the previous works, and the creators basically have profit-making purposes, so it is difficult to avoid responsibility from the perspective of rational use. Suggestions on regulating the creation of guichu videos will be made later. In terms of system, further improve the management and rational use related to copyright, and supplement the judgment factors. At the same time, we should continue to optimize the licensing mode and standardize the ways and organizations for secondary creators to obtain authorization. In addition, further rational distribution of rights and obligations, establishing a consensus of social co governance, and using emerging technologies can also significantly reduce the copyright legal risks related to guichu videos.