目前我国城市化进程不断加快，越来越多的农民工成为城市建设和发展中一支不可或缺的力量。农民工队伍流动日益呈现出“家庭化”特点。农民工子女教育问题日益突出。随着“两为主”政策(以“流入地政府、公立学校为主”)的提出与推进，在破除农民工子女进入公办学校就读难的壁垒与瓶颈之后，对农民工子女入学机会公平与否的研究已悄然转向农民工子女的适应性、亲社会行为等方面的研究。学习适应性是一种学习适应的能力，其本质是一种生活适应，与心理健康关系密切。对于学生而言，学习适应性是学校适应以及生活适应的重要方面。学习过程和学校生活适应不佳是影响初中生心理健康水平的原因之一。亲社会行为是个体主动的行为，是一种分享、控制、关心他人以及帮助的行为，属于积极心理学范畴。农民工子女在进入公办学校后在学习适应以及亲社会行为两方面的情况如何关系到农民工子女今后的学业成绩以及与社会的融合。因此，本研究希望了解农民工子女转入公办学校后的学习适应性与亲社会行为两方面的情况。同时，农民工子女学习适应性是否影响到其亲社会行为，以及具体影响情况如何等也是本研究希望探讨的问题之一。在本文中，首先对国内外有关学习适应性与亲社会行为的定义、研究等进行梳理，从而对本研究中的农民工子女、学习适应性、亲社会行为等进行了概念界定。以上海市青浦区F中学中所有由简易学校转入的农民工子女发放了学习适应性与亲社会行为的问卷，通过对问卷数据的搜集、处理得到了农民工子女的学习适应性与亲社会行为的现状。同时对学习适应性与亲社会行为量表结果进行相关分析，以期找到二者之间是否存在显著的相关关系。同时辅以笔者对教师、学生等进行访谈以及家访等方式，深入了解农民工子女的学习适应性状态、亲社会行为状况、二者之间的关系以及影响因素等问题。研究结果显示，(1)农民工子女学习适应性总测验结果呈正偏态分布，其不良率远高于全国常模值。(2)农民工子女分测验不良率检出值也高于全国常模值。(3)农民工子女学习适应性总测验在年级、性别与独生子女与否三方面差异均未达到显著。(4)相比其他行为，农民工子女亲社会行为中控制行为较差(5)农民工子女亲社会行为在性别、年级以及独生子女与否等方面差异未达到显著。(6)农民工子女亲社会行为与学习适应性总测之间的相关性未达显著水平。

With the increasingly rapid urbanization in China, more and more migrant workers have become an indispensable part in the construction and development of cities. More migrant workers tend to flow with their family members. The education of migrant children is growing more obvious. As the implement of “Two-First” policy, research interests on migrant children have been steering into the adaptability and prosocial behavior .The essence of learning adaptation is life adaptation. For student, learning adaptation is a vital part of adaptation to schools and to life. One of the factors in effecting the mental health of junior high school students is poor adaptation to learning process and to school life. Prosocial behavior which belongs to the category of positive psychology is a kind of individual active behavior. It includes sharing, controlling, and helping. The situation of learning adaptation and prosocial behavior affects the academic performance and social integration. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the situation of learning adaptability and prosocial behavior of the migrant children in public schools. Meanwhile, the correlation between the learning adaptation and the prosocial behavior is one of the researching aspects.In this paper, we first illustrate the definition and researching of learning adaptability and prosocial behavior at home and abroad, then give the definition of migrant workers, learning adaptability and prosocial behavior. We get the situation of the learning adaptability and the prosocial behavior through sending questionnaires to all the migrant children who graduated from simple schools to F junior high school Qingpu District Shanghai, collecting and analyzing data. In order to find whether there is a significant correlation between the learning adaptability and the prosocial we compared the results of the two. The interview on the teachers and students and the home visits help explain this finding.The results were: (1)the level of learning adaptation of migrant children is far below National norm.(2)the poor detection rate of migrant children is much higher than the National norm.(3)there are no significant differences in the adaptation of migrant children in different grades, genders and only child or not.(4)comparing to other behaviors in prosocial behavior, migrant children show poor controlling behavior.(5)there are no significant differences in the prosocial behavior of migrant children in different grades, genders and only child or not.(6)there are no significant correlations between the learning adaptability and prosocial behavior.