性少数群体在当下的讨论越发的广泛，同时性少数群体的成分和内容也愈发的复杂。性别认知障碍者在性少数群体中的占比较低，而性别认知障碍者所处在群体中又存在不同的划分和状态。从医学的角度出发，该群体所具有的病理特征却非常明显，所承受的痛苦也十分突出，治疗方向总体上基于社会的性别二元结构对患者进行认知扭转或者辅助适应，实现对其痛苦的缓解，目前医疗技术手段的进步并不足以将其完全治愈，将其“去病化”更不利于突出对于这一特殊群体的关注和保护。
       观之中日都选择了稳妥的应对方式，而向西方学习意图更强烈的日本自是对此问题投入了较多的注意力，从立法乃至借助社会力量试图缓解这一群体的痛苦。本文详尽梳理了日本最新性别认知障碍者维权的司法判例，以及日本近期关于性别认知障碍人群配套立法的违宪审查活动，为了解日本的相关法律活动提供现实材料。
       当前世界部分国家出现了分离性别的生殖属性和社会属性的理论，并以此为指导进行着泛性别或无性别运动，该理论至少为重新划分生理性别产生的社会角色分工提供了思路，并在此思路下为人类对社会性别在法理上的支配提供自然权力的基础，并分层次地讨论性别上支配权的可能性。但是同时需要注意当前社会中出现的去性别二元结构的动向对性别相关权利的影响与重构。
       在保障性别认知障碍者权益时，首先需要严格界定该群体，防止鱼目混珠；其次，正确的向公众传达性别相关基础知识，多方面关注青少年的性别认知成型，帮助公众建立客观理性的性少数群体观念，减少误解；再次，建议建立机制化的应对措施，如性权力相关的立法专门委员会、多学科多渠道的联席会议、性别认知障碍权益保护社会组织等，理清性别在人权和人格尊严以及健康权上的关系，为将来的性别相关立法做好理论和实践上的准备；再次，强化医疗行政监督权，规范相关性别认知障碍者的诊疗程序；最后呼吁加快性与性别歧视相关法规落地。
 

The current discussion of sexual minorities is becoming more and more extensive, at the same time, the composition and content of sexual minorities are becoming more and more complex. The proportion of gender identity disorder people among sexual minorities is low, and there are different divisions and statuses among gender identity disorder group. From a medical point of view, the pathological characteristics of this group are obvious, and the pain they endure is also very prominent. The treatment is generally based on the binary gender structure of society to cognitively reverse or assist patients in adapting to their gender. Medical technology is currently not enough to completely cure it, and ignorance is not conducive to highlighting the attention and protection of this group.
Both China and Japan have chosen a prudent response to this. But Japan, which has a stronger intention to westernize, has devoted more attention to this issue, trying to alleviate the pain of this group through legislation and social forces. This article details Japan’s latest judicial precedents on the rights protection of people with gender identity disorder. And japan latest unconstitutional review activities on supporting legislation for this group, provide practical materials for understanding relevant legal activities in Japan.
Currently, the theory of separating the sex and gender has emerged in some countries around the world, and is using this as a guide to carry out pan-gender or genderless movements. This theory at least provides ideas for reclassifying the division of social roles resulting from biological sex, and This thinking provides the basis of natural right for human beings to legally dominate social gender and discusses the possibility of gender dominance. But at the same time, we need to pay attention to the impact and reconstruction of gender-related rights caused by the trend of the anti-binary gender structure in the current society.
When protecting the rights and interests of people with gender identity disorder, first of all, it is necessary to strictly define this group; secondly, correctly convey basic gender-related knowledge to the public, pay attention to the formation of gender identity disorder among teenagers, and help the public establish an objective and rational view of sexual minorities and concepts to reduce misunderstandings; thirdly, it is recommended to establish institutionalized response measures, such as legislative committees related to sexual rights, multi-disciplinary joint meetings, gender identity disorder rights protection social organizations, etc. To clarify gender in human rights and personality dignity. Make theoretical and practical preparations for future gender-related legislation; fourthly, strengthen the power of medical administrative supervision and standardize the diagnosis and treatment procedures for this group; and finally accelerate the speed of regulations issues related to sex and gender discrimination.